View source for Tolmiea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Tolmiea
|accepted_authority=Torrey & A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. N. Amer.
|place=1: 582. 1840, name conserved ,
}}
|common_names=Pig-a-back plant
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Saxifragaceae;Tolmiea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Saxifragaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Tolmiea]]</div></div>
|etymology=For William F. Tolmie, 1812–1886, surgeon for Hudson’s Bay Company at Fort Vancouver
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 43, 44, 45, 46, 108, 109
|treatment_page=page 107
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> rhizomatous, not stoloniferous; rhizomes sometimes branched, scaly; caudex not cormlike, with persistent leaf bases. <b>Flowering</b> stems erect, leafy, 2.5–70 cm, sparsely to moderately, short to long stipitate-glandular. <b>Leaves</b> in basal rosette and cauline; cauline leaves reduced distally, vegetative shoots sometimes from axillary buds of cauline leaves; stipules present; petiole stipitate-glandular, (adventitious buds usually produced at apices of petioles of rosette and cauline leaves, sometimes forming plantlets); blade ovate, shallowly 5–9-lobed, base cordate, ultimate margins strongly to obscurely, irregularly serrate to nearly dentate, each tooth ending in glandular hair, apex acute (rarely obtuse), surfaces subglabrous to stipitate-glandular; venation palmate. <b>Inflorescences</b> racemes, from axillary buds in rosette, 10–150-flowered, bracteate. (Pedicels with subtending bracts.) Flowers bilaterally symmetric; hypanthium adnate to ovary only at base for less than 1 mm (ovary appearing superior), free from ovary for 4–5 mm, greenish, ± split to base, (cylindric-funnelform); sepals (persistent), 5, green with variable development of red-purple stripes, (unequal, slightly gibbous at base, stipitate-glandular, 3 dorsal sepals ovate- to elliptic-triangular, apex obtuse to rounded-mucronate, 2 ventral-lateral sepals narrowly ovate-triangular to oblong-triangular, apex acute to acuminate); petals 4, (recurved), greenish to brown-purple, (± linear); nectariferous tissue proximal to stamens; stamens 3, (inserted at apex of hypanthium opposite dorsal sepals, slightly exserted); filaments filiform; ovary superior, 1-locular, (oblong, turbinate, apex 2-cleft, stipitate-glandular), carpels connate proximally; placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2. <b>Capsules</b> 2-beaked, (ovoid, turbinate). <b>Seeds</b> brown to nearly black, subglobose, distinctly muricate. <b>x</b> = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=nw North America.
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Although morphologically similar, as reviewed by D. E. Soltis et al. (2007), diploid and tetraploid <i>Tolmiea</i> each meets the criteria for all of the commonly used species concepts: they are reproductively isolated, so they are biological species; they are distinct evolutionary lineages, so the two cytotypes meet the expectations of the evolutionary species concept; each is monophyletic, so both can be considered phylogenetic (apomorphic) species; they are diagnosable on the basis of chromosome number and molecular characters, thus fitting the phylogenetic/diagnosability species concept; and morphological characters distinguish the two cytotypes (although these may be considered cryptic by some), hence they are taxonomic species.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=soltis1984a
|text=Soltis, D. E. 1984b. Autopolyploidy in Tolmiea menziesii (Saxifragaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 71: 1171–1174.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=soltis1988a
|text=Soltis, D. E. and P. S. Soltis. 1988. Electrophoretic evidence for tetrasomic inheritance in Tolmiea menziesii (Saxifragaceae). Heredity 60: 375–382.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=soltis1989a
|text=Soltis, D. E. and P. S. Soltis. 1989. Genetic consequences of autopolyploidy in Tolmiea (Saxifragaceae). Evolution 43: 586–594.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Cauline leaves not or only slightly longer than wide, i.e., length-width quotient usually 0.6-1.1 (average 0.9, excluding length of basal lobes); plantlets frequently formed.
|[[Tolmiea menziesii|Tolmiea menziesii]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Cauline leaves distinctly longer than wide, i.e., length-width quotient 0.8-1.4 (average 1, excluding length of basal lobes); plantlets on leaves sporadically produced.
|[[Tolmiea diplomenziesii|Tolmiea diplomenziesii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Tolmiea
|author=Douglas E. Soltis;Walter S. Judd;Pamela S. Soltis;Patrick E. Elvander†
|authority=Torrey & A. Gray
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Saxifragaceae
|distribution=nw North America.
|reference=soltis1984a;soltis1988a;soltis1989a
|publication title=Fl. N. Amer.
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_212.xml
|genus=Tolmiea
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Saxifragaceae]]