View source for Lithophragma bolanderi

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Lithophragma bolanderi
|accepted_authority=A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|place=6: 535. 1865 ,
}}
|common_names=Bolander’s woodland star
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Lithophragma heterophyllum var. bolanderi
|authority=(A. Gray) Jepson
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Lithophragma heterophyllum var. scabrellum
|authority=(Greene) Jepson
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Lithophragma scabrellum
|authority=Hooker & Arnott
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Lithophragma scabrellum var. peirsonii
|authority=Jepson
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tellima heterophylla var. bolanderi
|authority=(A. Gray) Jepson
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tellima scabrella
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Saxifragaceae;Lithophragma;Lithophragma bolanderi
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Saxifragaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Lithophragma]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Lithophragma bolanderi]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 79
|treatment_page=page 82
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>usually robust. <b>Flowering</b> stems branched, (rarely bearing bulbils in place of flowers), 25–85 cm. <b>Leaves</b> in basal rosette and cauline, basal unlobed or 3–5-lobed, never deeply lobed, cauline (2–3+), alternate, often 3–4-lobed, much reduced, similar to basal, (rarely with axillary bulbils); stipules small, not decurrent on petiole, (margins fimbriate); petiole usually to 25 cm; blade green, orbiculate, surfaces hairy. <b>Inflorescences</b> 1–3, erect, 3–5(–25)-flowered racemes, 2(–3)-branched, (10–85 cm). <b>Pedicels</b> equaling or shorter than hypanthium, (flowers long-pedicellate). <b>Flowers</b> persistent, fragrant, horizontal; hypanthium narrowly campanulate with obtuse base, usually not elongating in fruit, throat open, (length 2 times diam.); sepals erect in bud, widely spreading after anthesis, triangular; petals (completely exserted), widely spreading, white, ovate-elliptic, narrowly clawed, usually unlobed with serrations at base, sometimes 3–5-lobed, 4–7 mm, ultimate margins entire; ovary to 1/2 inferior; styles slightly exerted in fruit; stigma papillae apical. <b>Seeds</b> 0.3–5 mm, tuberculate (tubercles in 3–19 rows, spinelike). <b>2n</b> = 14, 28, 35, 42.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering May–Jun.
|habitat=Well-drained, open, grassy areas of oak or coniferous-oak woodland
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Calif.
|discussion=<p><i>Lithophragma bolanderi</i> is known from California along the western slope of the Sierra <i>Nevada</i> from Shasta County to the San Gabriel Mountains and the north-central inner coastal mountains around San Francisco Bay north to Mendocino County.</p><!--
--><p>Variable vegetative features, such as petal shape, size of seeds, and general growth habit, are the result of environmental factors and gene interchange among species. <i>Lithophragma bolanderi</i> is best distinguished from <i>L. heterophyllum</i> by the shape of the hypanthium base, position of styles and stigmas in fruit, length of seed tubercles, and general outline of the petals.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Lithophragma bolanderi
|authority=A. Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Lithophragma heterophyllum var. bolanderi;Lithophragma heterophyllum var. scabrellum;Lithophragma scabrellum;Lithophragma scabrellum var. peirsonii;Tellima heterophylla var. bolanderi;Tellima scabrella
|basionyms=
|family=Saxifragaceae
|phenology=Flowering May–Jun.
|habitat=Well-drained, open, grassy areas of oak or coniferous-oak woodland
|elevation=0-1500 m
|distribution=Calif.
|reference=None
|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|publication year=
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V8/V8_159.xml
|genus=Lithophragma
|species=Lithophragma bolanderi
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Lithophragma]]