View source for Momordica

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Momordica
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 1009. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 440. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Balsam-apple;bitter melon;cundeamor
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cucurbitaceae;Momordica
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cucurbitaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Momordica]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin mordicus, biting, alluding to sculptured seed surfaces and margins, appearing as though bitten
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 3, 4, 5
|treatment_page=page 7
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual [perennial], monoecious [dioecious], climbing or trailing; stems glabrous or hairy; roots fibrous; tendrils unbranched [2-branched]. <b>Leaves</b> simple or compound; blade broadly ovate or reniform to orbiculate, palmately 3–7[–9]-lobed, usually pedate, lobes broadly ovate, rhombic-ovate, ovate-oblong, or ovate-elliptic, margins coarsely and widely dentate to crenate-dentate or sinuate-dentate, [mucronulate-dentate or remotely denticulate], surfaces eglandular. <b>Inflorescences</b>: staminate flowers solitary, [corymbose, racemose, or umbellate], axillary; pistillate flowers solitary, from different axils than staminate; peduncles erect at apex; bracts persistent, ovate-cordate, reniform, or orbiculate-cordate [ovate, rhombic-ovate]. <b>Flowers</b>: hypanthium obconic; sepals 5, linear to ovate-lanceolate or ovate-acuminate; petals 5, distinct, yellow to bright yellow [greenish yellow], obovate or oblong [suborbiculate], [5–]7–25[–32] mm, glabrous, corolla rotate to broadly and shallowly campanulate. <b>Staminate</b> flowers: stamens (2–)3; filaments inserted near hypanthium rim, staminodes absent or 3, glandular. <b>Fruits</b> berrylike or capsular, pendent, red or red-orange to yellow-orange, oblong-fusiform to ellipsoidal, cylindric or ovoid, beaked, fleshy, thick-walled, irregularly tuberculate to muricate, muriculate, or irregularly smooth-ridged, glabrous, apically dehiscent by 3 valves [indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent]. <b>Seeds</b> 10–50, oblong to ovoid-oblong beyond narrowed base, turgid or flattened, red-arillate, margins grooved, surfaces smooth or sculptured. <b>x</b> = 11, 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Asia;Africa;Australia;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;South America;Europe;se Asia;Pacific Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 59 (2 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=schaefer2010a
|text=Schaefer, H. and S. S. Renner. 2010. A three-genome phylogeny of Momordica (Cucurbitaceae) suggests seven returns from dioecy to monoecy and recent long-distance dispersal to Asia. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 54: 553–560.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bracts of staminate flowers near peduncle apex, margins dentate to denticulate; leaf lobes and teeth apiculate; fruits 2.5–4(–7) cm.
|[[Momordica balsamina|Momordica balsamina]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bracts of staminate flowers at or proximal to middle of peduncle, margins entire; leaf lobes and teeth sometimes submucronate but not apiculate; fruits 7–25 cm.
|[[Momordica charantia|Momordica charantia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Momordica
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Cucurbitaceae
|distribution=Asia;Africa;Australia;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;South America;Europe;se Asia;Pacific Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=schaefer2010a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_2.xml
|genus=Momordica
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cucurbitaceae]]