View source for Viola beckwithii

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Viola beckwithii
|accepted_authority=Torrey in E. M. Durand
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in E. M. Durand, Pl. Pratten. Calif.,
|place=82. 1855
|year=1855
}}
|common_names=Beckwith’s or Great Basin violet
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Viola beckwithii var. cachensis
|authority=C. P. Smith
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. beckwithii subsp. glabrata
|authority=M. S. Baker
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. bonnevillensis
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Violaceae;Viola;Viola beckwithii
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Violaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Viola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Viola beckwithii]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 111, 116, 133, 162
|treatment_page=page 122
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 2–22 cm. <b>Stems</b> 1–3, decumbent, ascending, or erect, ca. 1/2 subterranean, glabrous or usually puberulent, on single, short, vertical, deep-seated caudex. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline; basal: 1–6 per caudex, palmately compound, ± 2-ternate or 3-ternate, leaflets 3; stipules adnate to petiole, forming 2 linear-lanceolate wings, unlobed, margins entire, apex of each wing free, acute; petiole 2–10.5 cm, usually puberulent; blade ovate to deltate, 2.4–5 × 3.5–4.5 cm, base tapered, ultimate leaflets dissected into oblong, elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate lobes 1–7 mm wide, lobe margins entire, usually ciliate, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces usually puberulent, seldom glabrous, abaxial surface without prominent vein parallel to each margin; cauline similar to basal except: stipules linear, apex acuminate; petiole 2–5.7 cm, usually puberulent, rarely glabrous; blade 1–2.7 × 1.5–3 cm. <b>Peduncles</b> 1.5–10.6(–15.7) cm, usually puberulent, seldom glabrous. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 0.1–1 mm; petals dark reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 usually lilac, rarely white or whitish, lateral 2 bearded, with yellow patch basally, dark reddish violet-veined, lowest 10–22 mm, with yellow patch, dark reddish violet-veined, spur whitish or yellowish, tinged purple, gibbous, 0.5–2 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers absent. <b>Capsules</b> oblong-ovoid, 7–12 mm, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> brown, 3–4 mm. <b>2n</b> = 24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–May.
|habitat=Dry or moist places, among shrubs or beneath pines
|elevation=900–2700 m
|distribution=Calif.;Idaho;Nev.;Oreg.;Utah.
|discussion=<p>In some populations of <i>Viola beckwithii</i>, the three lower petals are white with a yellow area proximally (V. B. Baird 1942). Leaves have been described as palmately biternate or triternate (L. Abrams and R. S. Ferris 1923–1960, vol. 3), ternately decompound into linear segments (C. L. Hitchcock et al. 1955–1969, vol. 3), palmately three-parted then bipinnately parted into ultimate linear or spatulate segments (P. A. Munz 1959), and palmately about three times three-parted into linear or spatulate-linear segments (W. L. Jepson 1951). Some populations in northern California are nearly or completely glabrous, which M. S. Baker recognized as <i></i>var.<i> glabrata</i>.</p><!--
--><p><i>Viola beckwithii</i> is reported to hybridize with <i>V. utahensis</i> (G. Davidse 1976). Observed pollinators of <i>V. beckwithii</i> in Utah include Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Anthophora ursina Cresson (Davidse).</p><!--
--><p>When Cottam described <i>Viola</i> bonnevillensis, he suggested that it could be a hybrid between <i>V. beckwithii</i> and <i>V. utahensis</i>, and G. Davidse (1976) concurred. The type specimen of V. bonnevillensis (Cottam 7067, UT) was examined by R. J. Little. Because no similar forms are known to have been collected since 1939, it is presumed that this taxon is a hybrid.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Viola beckwithii
|authority=Torrey in E. M. Durand
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Viola beckwithii var. cachensis;V. beckwithii subsp. glabrata;V. bonnevillensis
|basionyms=
|family=Violaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–May.
|habitat=Dry or moist places, among shrubs or beneath pines
|elevation=900–2700 m
|distribution=Calif.;Idaho;Nev.;Oreg.;Utah.
|reference=None
|publication title=in E. M. Durand, Pl. Pratten. Calif.,
|publication year=1855
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_199.xml
|genus=Viola
|species=Viola beckwithii
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Viola]]