View source for Rumex dentatus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Rumex dentatus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mant. Pl.,
|place=226. 1771
|year=1771
}}
|common_names=Toothed or dentate or Indian dock
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Polygonaceae;Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae;Rumex;Rumex subg. Rumex;Rumex sect. Rumex;Rumex dentatus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Polygonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Rumex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Rumex subg. Rumex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Rumex sect. Rumex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Rumex dentatus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 497, 528
|treatment_page=page 527
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual, rarely biennial, glabrous or indistinctly papillose especially on veins of leaf blades abaxially, with fusiform, vertical rootstock. <b>Stems</b> erect, often flexuous in inflorescence, branched distal to middle, occasionally almost from base, 20–70(–80) cm. <b>Leaves</b>: ocrea deciduous or partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, 3–8(–12) × 2–5 cm, normally less than 4 times as long as wide, not coriaceous, base normally truncate or subcordate to weakly cordate, margins entire, flat to weakly undulate, occasionally slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, occupying distal 1/2 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, broadly paniculate, branches usually ascending and straight. <b>Pedicels</b> articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform, 2–5 mm, articulation distinctly swollen. <b>Flowers</b> 10–20 in rather dense remote whorls; inner tepals ovate-triangular or deltoid, 3–5.5(–6) × 2–3 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins in most cases distinctly dentate, very rarely subentire, apex acute to subacute, straight, teeth 2–4(–5), normally at each side of margins, narrowly triangular, straight, 1–3(–5) mm, equaling or shorter than width of inner tepals; tubercles (1–)3, equal or subequal. <b>Achenes</b> dark reddish brown, 2–2.8 × 1.4–1.8 mm. <b>2n</b> = 40.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late spring–summer.
|habitat=Waste places, shores, cultivated fields
|elevation=0-300 m
|distribution=Alta.;Ont.;Ariz.;Calif.;Mo.;Oreg.;Tex.;se Europe;tropical and subtropical Asia;n Africa;introduced elsewhere.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Rumex dentatus</i>, belonging to subsect. Dentati Rechinger f. (K. H. Rechinger 1937), is an extremely variable species. In Eurasia and northern Africa it is represented by several distinct races, usually regarded as subspecies. Rechinger reported from North America (California and Oregon, mostly as a casual alien occuring in ballast grounds) only subsp. klotzschianus (Meisner) Rechinger f., which is native in southern and eastern Asia (China, India, Japan, Korea). J. E. Dawson (1979) also regarded this as the most common subspecies in North America. However, I believe most North American representatives of this aggregate belong to subsp. halacsyi (Rechinger f.) Rechinger f., which is native in the eastern Mediterranean region (Asia Minor), the Caucasus, southeastern Europe, and western and central Asia. This subspecies, sometimes recognized as R. halacsyi Rechinger f., differs from subsp. klotzschianus by its broader triangular (not rounded) inner tepals and longer teeth (to 3 mm). Unfortunately, subspecies of <i>R. dentatus</i> still are insufficiently understood even in Eurasia. It would be premature to assign most North American specimens to any infraspecific entity.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Rumex dentatus
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Polygonaceae
|phenology=Flowering late spring–summer.
|habitat=Waste places, shores, cultivated fields
|elevation=0-300 m
|distribution=Alta.;Ont.;Ariz.;Calif.;Mo.;Oreg.;Tex.;se Europe;tropical and subtropical Asia;n Africa;introduced elsewhere.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Mant. Pl.,
|publication year=1771
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_1079.xml
|subfamily=Polygonaceae subfam. Polygonoideae
|genus=Rumex
|subgenus=Rumex subg. Rumex
|section=Rumex sect. Rumex
|species=Rumex dentatus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Rumex sect. Rumex]]