View source for Amaranthus australis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Amaranthus australis
|accepted_authority=(A. Gray) J. D. Sauer
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Madroño
|place=13: 15. 1955
|year=1955
}}
|common_names=Southern water-hemp;southern amaranth
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Acnida australis
|authority=A. Gray
|rank=species
|publication_title=Amer. Naturalist
|publication_place=10: 489. 1876
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Acnida alabamensis
|authority=Standley
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Acnida cannabina var. australis
|authority=(A. Gray) Uline & W. L. Bray
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Acnida cuspidata
|authority=Bertero ex Sprengel
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Amaranthaceae;Amaranthus;Amaranthus subg. Acnida;Amaranthus sect. Acnida;Amaranthus australis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Amaranthaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Amaranthus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Amaranthus subg. Acnida]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Amaranthus sect. Acnida]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Amaranthus australis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 412, 413
|treatment_page=page 416
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>erect, branched, stout to robust, usually 1.5–3 m (occasionally to 9 m!) × 30 cm. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 1/3–2/3 length of blade; blade narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 10–20 × 1–4 cm, base cuneate, margins entire, plane, apex acute or long-attenuate to acuminate. <b>Inflorescences</b> mostly terminal, linear spikes to panicles, usually interrupted. <b>Bracts</b>: of pistillate flowers 1.5–2 mm; of staminate flowers with moderately heavy midribs, 1.5–2 mm. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: tepals absent; style branches spreading; stigmas 3–5. <b>Staminate</b> flowers: tepals 5, inner tepals with moderately prominent, excurrent midribs, equal, 2–2.5 mm, apex subacute to mucronulate; stamens 5. <b>Utricles</b> stramineous to brown, with 3(–5) longitudinal ridges corresponding to 3–5 style branches, elliptic or obovoid, 1.5–2.5 mm, slightly fleshy, smooth (slightly rugose in herbarium specimens). <b>Seeds</b> reddish brown to dark brown, 1–1.2 mm diam., shiny.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall.
|habitat=Freshwater and brackish wetland habitats, coastal marshes, swamps, riverbanks, bayous, canals, ditches, estuaries, lakeshores, hammocks
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Miss.;N.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;e Mexico;West Indies;n South America.
|discussion=<p>Plants of <i>Amaranthus australis</i>, a herbaceous annual, can be amazingly tall, with a single hollow main stem, up to 9 m, and the stem base can reach 30 cm in diameter. Large plants may somewhat resemble young trees of <i>Taxodium distichum </i>var.<i> imbricarium</i>, pondcypress.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Amaranthus australis
|authority=(A. Gray) J. D. Sauer
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Acnida alabamensis;Acnida cannabina var. australis;Acnida cuspidata
|basionyms=Acnida australis
|family=Amaranthaceae
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall.
|habitat=Freshwater and brackish wetland habitats, coastal marshes, swamps, riverbanks, bayous, canals, ditches, estuaries, lakeshores, hammocks
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;Miss.;N.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;e Mexico;West Indies;n South America.
|reference=None
|publication title=Madroño
|publication year=1955
|special status=Weedy;Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_812.xml
|genus=Amaranthus
|subgenus=Amaranthus subg. Acnida
|section=Amaranthus sect. Acnida
|species=Amaranthus australis
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Amaranthus sect. Acnida]]