View source for Boltonia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Boltonia
|accepted_authority=L’Héritier
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sert. Angl.,
|place=27. 1789
|year=1789
}}
|common_names=Doll’s-daisy
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Boltonia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Boltonia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For James Bolton, fl. 1750s–1799, English botanist, artist
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 17
|treatment_page=page 353
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 30–200+ cm (rhizomatous, stoloniferous, or with basal offshoots). <b>Stems</b> erect to ascending, branched distally (ribbed), glabrous. <b>Leaves</b> basal (withering by flowering) and cauline; alternate; sessile (sometimes decurrent); blades 1-nerved, linear, subulate to lanceolate or oblanceolate (bases attenuate, cauline sometimes decurrent), margins entire to serrulate (teeth callous-tipped), (apices acute to acuminate) faces glabrous. <b>Heads</b> radiate, (10–100+) in leafy, corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. (Peduncles bracteate or ebracteate, bracts leaflike or scalelike.) Involucres hemispheric, (2–5 ×) 3–14 mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> 30–55 in 3–6 series, 1-nerved (midribs thickened, resinous; flat), linear to oblanceolate or spatulate, unequal to subequal, margins ± membranaceous, faces glabrous. <b>Receptacles</b> conic to hemispheric, obscurely pitted, epaleate. <b>Ray</b> florets 20–60, pistillate, fertile; corollas white to lilac (laminae linear to elliptic). <b>Disc</b> florets 50–400+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect, triangular; style-branch appendages deltate. <b>Cypselae</b> dimorphic (brownish); ray ± triquetrous, margins arrowly winged, ribs 2 abaxial, 1 adaxial; disc obovoid to cuneate or obcordiform, laterally compressed, margins winged or not, resin ducts present, faces often puberulent; pappi persistent, usually of 2–3 sclerified awns plus (0–)7–12 shorter bristles or scales in 1 series. <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America.
|discussion=<p>Species 5 (5 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=morgan1966a
|text=Morgan, J. T. 1966. A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Boltonia (Asteraceae). Ph.D. dissertation. University of North Carolina.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Disc cypselae lacking wings, or if present wings 0.01–0.1 mm wide; pappus awns 0–0.4 mm
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Disc cypselae wings 0.1–0.5 mm wide; pappus awns (0.3–)0.4–2 mm
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Heads in corymbiform arrays; outer phyllaries 1.7–2.8 mm; ray laminae 5–13 mm
|[[Boltonia asteroides|Boltonia asteroides]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Heads in paniculiform arrays; outer phyllaries 1.2–1.6 mm; ray laminae 3–7.5 mm
|[[Boltonia caroliniana|Boltonia caroliniana]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Bases of cauline leaves decurrent; rhizomes and stolons absent; Illinois, Missouri
|[[Boltonia decurrens|Boltonia decurrens]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Bases of cauline leaves not decurrent; rhizomes or stolons present or absent; widely distributed or not in Illinois or Missouri.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Heads in paniculiform arrays, primary branches mostly spreading; only proximal bracts leaflike, 8–55 mm, others reduced and linear to linear-oblanceolate or subulate, 2–10(–15) mm
|[[Boltonia diffusa|Boltonia diffusa]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Heads in corymbiform arrays, branches spreading to ascending; most bracts leaflike, 10–120 mm, only peduncle bracts reduced, linear to subulate or ovate to linear-oblanceolate, 1–12(–62) mm
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Pappus awns 0.3–0.8 mm; outer phyllaries 1.3–2 mm; ray laminae 5–9 mm; Florida panhandle to se Louisiana
|[[Boltonia apalachicolensis|Boltonia apalachicolensis]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Pappus awns 0.4–2 mm; outer phyllaries 1.5–3.8 mm; ray laminae 5–13 mm; e North America, Idaho, Oregon
|[[Boltonia asteroides|Boltonia asteroides]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Boltonia
|author=Vesna Karaman-Castro;Lowell E. Urbatsch
|authority=L’Héritier
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=North America.
|reference=morgan1966a
|publication title=Sert. Angl.,
|publication year=1789
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_817.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Boltonia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]