View source for Silybum marianum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Silybum marianum
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Gaertner
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fruct. Sem. Pl.
|place=2: 378. 1791
|year=1791
}}
|common_names=Blessed milkthistle;chardon Marie
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Carduus marianus
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 823. 1753
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Silybum;Silybum marianum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Silybum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Silybum marianum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 164
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>glabrous or slightly tomentose. <b>Leaves</b>: basal wing-petioled, blades 15–60+ cm, margins coarsely lobed; cauline leaves clasping, progressively smaller and less divided, bases spiny, coiled, auriculate. <b>Phyllary</b> appendages spreading, ovate, 1–4 cm including long-tapered spine tips. <b>Corollas</b> 26–35 mm; tubes 13–25 mm, throats campanulate, 2–3 mm, lobes 5–9 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> brown and black spotted, 6–8 mm; pappus scales 15–20 mm. <b>2n</b> = 34.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Feb–Jun (west), Jul–Sep (north).
|habitat=Roadsides, pastures, waste areas, sometimes cultivated
|elevation=0–800 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Ind.;La.;Mich.;Miss.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;s Europe (Mediterranean region).
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Silybum marianum</i> is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental, a minor vegetable, or as a medicinal herb. Young shoots can be boiled and eaten like cabbage and young leaves can be added to salads. The seeds can be used as a coffee substitute. Extracts of <i>S. marianum</i> are used as an herbal treatment for liver ailments.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Silybum marianum
|authority=(Linnaeus) Gaertner
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Carduus marianus
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering Feb–Jun (west), Jul–Sep (north).
|habitat=Roadsides, pastures, waste areas, sometimes cultivated
|elevation=0–800 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Ind.;La.;Mich.;Miss.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;s Europe (Mediterranean region).
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Fruct. Sem. Pl.
|publication year=1791
|special status=Introduced;Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_171.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Silybum
|species=Silybum marianum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Silybum]]