View source for Cirsium drummondii

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cirsium drummondii
|accepted_authority=Torrey & A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. N. Amer.
|place=2: 459. 1843
|year=1843
}}
|common_names=Drummond’s or dwarf or short-stemmed thistle
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cirsium coccinatum
|authority=Osterhout
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Cirsium;Cirsium drummondii
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cirsium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cirsium drummondii]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 99, 100, 154
|treatment_page=page 153
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Biennials </b>or monocarpic perennials, acaulescent or caulescent, 5–110 cm; taproots stout. <b>Stems</b> erect, stout, fleshy, leafy, simple or distally branched, villous or tomentose with long, septate trichomes; branches usually short, stout, ascending. <b>Leaves</b>: blades oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 15–30+ × 3–7 cm, usually shallowly to deeply pinnatifid, lobes ovate to broadly triangular, spreading, usually separated by broad U-shaped sinuses, spinose-dentate or coarsely lobed, main spines 2–5(–8) mm, slender, abaxial faces villous with septate trichomes, at least along veins, sometimes thinly arachnoid, adaxial villous with septate trichomes; basal often present at flowering, spiny winged-petiolate; principal cauline winged-petiolate or sessile, not much reduced distally; distal reduced, similar to proximal, crowded around heads. <b>Heads</b> 1–5(–9), borne singly or crowded in corymbiform arrays at tips of main stems, often closely subtended and overtopped by 1–several distal leaves. <b>Peduncles</b> 0–5(–10) cm, leafy-bracted. <b>Involucres</b> broadly ovoid to hemispheric, 3.5–5 × 3.5–5 cm (appearing much wider and ± campanulate in pressed specimens), loosely arachnoid on phyllary margins or glabrate. <b>Phyllaries</b> in 4–6 series, strongly imbricate, ovate or broadly lanceolate (outer) to lance-linear (inner), abaxial faces with ± narrow glutinous ridge; outer and mid appressed, spines erect to ascending, 2–3 mm; apices of mid and inner narrowed and scabrid-denticulate, innermost spineless, with expanded, flexuous, erose-denticulate tips. <b>Corollas</b> purple (white), 30–48 mm, tubes 17–30 mm, throats 6.5–11 mm, lobes 5–7 mm; style tips 5–7 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> stramineous to light brown, 3.5–5.5 mm, apical collar yellow, narrow; pappi 30–42 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Dry to moist soil, prairies, pastures, meadows, forest edges, woodland openings, roadsides
|elevation=300–2300 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Sask.;Colo.;S.Dak.;Wyo.
|discussion=<p><i>Cirsium drummondii</i> is widely distributed across Canada from the Northwest Territories to British Columbia and Ontario. The name <i>C. drummondii</i> has been misapplied to a wide range of plants across the western United States that are now treated as one or another variety of the polymorphic <i>C. scariosum</i>. The only documented modern occurrences of <i>C. drummondii</i> in the United States are in the Black Hills of South Dakota and adjacent Wyoming. Specimens collected by Hall and Harbour (342) are the only ones of <i>C. drummondii</i> known from Colorado. Somewhat similar plants from northern <i>Nevada</i> are treated here as <i>C. scariosum </i>var.<i> toiyabense</i>. During Pleistocene glaciations the ancestors of <i>C. drummondii</i> undoubtedly occupied a more southerly distribution and very likely came into direct contact with populations of <i>C. scariosum</i>. The observed similarities between <i>C. drummondii</i> and <i>C. scariosum </i>var.<i> toiyabense</i> are probably a relict of that ancient contact.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cirsium drummondii
|authority=Torrey & A. Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Cirsium coccinatum
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Dry to moist soil, prairies, pastures, meadows, forest edges, woodland openings, roadsides
|elevation=300–2300 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Sask.;Colo.;S.Dak.;Wyo.
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. N. Amer.
|publication year=1843
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_149.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Cirsium
|species=Cirsium drummondii
}}<!--

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