View source for Ceanothus americanus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ceanothus americanus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 195. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=New Jersey-tea;Céanothe d'Amérique
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ceanothus americanus var. intermedius
|authority=(Pursh) Torrey & A. Gray
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. americanus var. pitcheri
|authority=Torrey & A. Gray
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=C. intermedius
|authority=Pursh
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Rhamnaceae;Ceanothus;Ceanothus subg. Ceanothus;Ceanothus americanus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rhamnaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ceanothus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Ceanothus subg. Ceanothus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Ceanothus americanus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 78, 81, 83
|treatment_page=page 82
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> deciduous, 0.8–1.5 m. <b>Stems</b> erect to ascending, not rooting at nodes; branchlets usually green, sometimes reddish brown, not thorn-tipped, round or slightly angled in cross section, flexible, puberulent, glabrescent. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole 4–13 mm; blade not aromatic, flat, ovate to ovate-oblong, (20–)30–100 × 15–64 mm, herbaceous, not resinous, base rounded, margins serrate to serrulate, teeth 54–130+, apex usually acuminate to acute, rarely obtuse, abaxial surface pale green, puberulent, especially on veins, adaxial surface dark green, dull, puberulent, especially on major veins; 3-veined from base. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary, paniclelike, cylindric to conic, 3–14 cm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals, petals, and nectary white. <b>Capsules</b> 4–6 mm wide, not lobed; valves ± rugulose, crested. <b>2n</b> = 24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering May–Aug.
|habitat=Open areas in forests and woodlands, abandoned fields, sandhills, prairies.
|elevation=80–300 m.
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p><i>Ceanothus americanus</i> is closely related to <i>C. herbaceus</i> and <i>C. sanguineus</i>. <i>Ceanothus herbaceus</i> differs in having narrower leaf blades, short peduncles, and globose to hemispheric inflorescences. <i>Ceanothus sanguineus</i>, which occurs in western North America (except for a disjunct population in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan), differs by smooth fruit valves and inflorescences borne on stems older than the current year. Three varieties, <i></i>var.<i> americanus</i>, <i></i>var.<i> intermedius</i>, and <i></i>var.<i> pitcheri</i>, have been recognized within <i>C. americanus</i>, based on leaf shape and indumentum (M. L. Fernald 1950; H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist 1991), but N. C. Coile (1988) provided evidence for clinal intergradation among them.</p><!--
--><p>An infusion of <i>Ceanothus americanus</i> leaves or bark was used widely by Native Americans as an anti-inflammatory and to treat gastrointestinal ailments (D. E. Moerman 1998). The dried leaves were used as a tea substitute during the American Revolution (N. L. Britton and A. Brown 1896–1898, vol. 2).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ceanothus americanus
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Ceanothus americanus var. intermedius;C. americanus var. pitcheri;C. intermedius
|basionyms=
|family=Rhamnaceae
|phenology=Flowering May–Aug.
|habitat=Open areas in forests and woodlands, abandoned fields, sandhills, prairies.
|elevation=80–300 m.
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Illustrated;Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_880.xml
|genus=Ceanothus
|subgenus=Ceanothus subg. Ceanothus
|species=Ceanothus americanus
}}<!--

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