View source for Viola missouriensis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Viola missouriensis
|accepted_authority=Greene
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pittonia
|place=4: 141. 1900
|year=1900
}}
|common_names=Missouri violet
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Viola candidula
|authority=Nieuwland
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. langloisii
|authority=Greene
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. lucidifolia
|authority=Newbro
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. sororia var. missouriensis
|authority=(Greene) L. E. McKinney
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Violaceae;Viola;Viola missouriensis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Violaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Viola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Viola missouriensis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 116, 120
|treatment_page=page 138
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–50 cm; rhizomes thick, fleshy. <b>Leaves</b> basal, 1–8, ascending to erect; stipules linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, margins entire, sometimes distally glandular, apex acute; petiole 5–20 cm, glabrous; blade green abaxially, unlobed, usually narrowly to broadly deltate, 1.5–12 × 1.5–10 cm, not fleshy, base cordate or broadly cordate to truncate, margins ± crenate to serrate, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous, rarely pubescent. <b>Peduncles</b> 3–25 cm, usually glabrous. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to dark blue-violet, lowest and sometimes lateral 2 purple-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest beardless, rarely lightly bearded, 15–25 mm, spur same color as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on prostrate to ascending peduncles. <b>Capsules</b> ellipsoid, 5–12 mm, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> beige, mottled to bronze, 1.5–2.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 54.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–May.
|habitat=Swamps, thickets, stream banks, alluvial woods
|elevation=50–2000 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;La.;Md.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>What many have treated as <i>Viola affinis</i>, especially in the southern Gulf coastal states, is likely to be <i>V. missouriensis</i>. N. H. Russell (1965) considered the two as likely part of a species complex inhabiting alluvial woods and wet areas and exhibiting the typical deltate leaf blade shape. L. E. McKinney (1992) considered <i>V. missouriensis</i> a variety of <i>V. sororia</i>. <i>Viola missouriensis</i> appears to have a closer affinity to <i>V. affinis</i>, as Russell suggested; current evidence suggests maintaining <i>V. missouriensis</i> as a separate species.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Viola missouriensis
|authority=Greene
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Viola candidula;V. langloisii;V. lucidifolia;V. sororia var. missouriensis
|basionyms=
|family=Violaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–May.
|habitat=Swamps, thickets, stream banks, alluvial woods
|elevation=50–2000 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;La.;Md.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.C.;Okla.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Pittonia
|publication year=1900
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_236.xml
|genus=Viola
|species=Viola missouriensis
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Viola]]