View source for Prunus maritima

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Prunus maritima
|accepted_authority=Marshall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Arbust. Amer.,
|place=112. 1785
|year=1785
}}
|common_names=Beach plum
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Prunus gravesii
|authority=Small
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. maritima var. gravesii
|authority=(Small) G. J. Anderson
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae;Prunus;Prunus maritima
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Prunus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Prunus maritima]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 357, 360
|treatment_page=page 380
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> suckering, 10–25 dm, not thorny. <b>Twigs</b> with axillary end buds, densely hairy to glabrate. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous; petiole 3–11 mm, usually densely hairy, rarely hairy only on adaxial surface, usually eglandular, sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2, discoid; blade elliptic, broadly elliptic, or obovate (orbiculate in gravesii clone), 3.5–7 × 2–4 cm, base cuneate to obtuse (rounded in gravesii clone), margins finely, usually singly, rarely doubly, serrulate, teeth sharp, usually eglandular, rarely glandular, apex acute to obtuse (rounded in gravesii clone), abaxial surface usually hairy, sometimes only on veins or glabrescent, adaxial rugose, glabrous. <b>Inflorescences</b> 2–4-flowered, umbellate fascicles. <b>Pedicels</b> 5–15 mm, hairy. <b>Flowers</b> blooming before leaf emergence; hypanthium campanulate, 2.5–3.5 mm, hairy externally; sepals erect to spreading, ovate, 1.5–3.5 mm, margins entire, sometimes 2-fid at apices, ciliate, surfaces hairy; petals white, oblong-obovate, 3–8 mm; ovaries glabrous. <b>Drupes</b> red, yellow, dark blue, or purplish black, glaucous, globose, 11–18 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ovoid, slightly flattened. <b>2n</b> = 16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Oct.
|habitat=Sand dunes, beaches, sandy fields, roadsides, coastal barrens
|elevation=0–30 m
|distribution=Conn.;Del.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Va.
|discussion=<p><i>Prunus</i> gravesii has been known from only a single locality since its description in 1897, and there may never have been more than a single, multistemmed individual. G. J. Anderson (1980) concluded that it is a mutant derivative of <i>P. maritima</i>. In the study by Anderson, it differed with statistical significance from other specimens of <i>P. maritima</i> for only 4 of 38 morphological features measured, and even for those four the range in values between the two taxa overlapped. Their leaf flavonoid chromatograms were identical. From a conservation standpoint it is of value to designate the orbiculate-leaved gravesii clone as a distinct taxonomic variety, for which the name <i>P. maritima</i> var. gravesii (Small) G. J. Anderson is available. Once listed by the state of Connecticut as endangered, it is now believed to be extinct in the wild. Throughout much of its original range <i>P. maritima</i> is threatened by oceanside development.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Prunus maritima
|authority=Marshall
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Prunus gravesii;P. maritima var. gravesii
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Oct.
|habitat=Sand dunes, beaches, sandy fields, roadsides, coastal barrens
|elevation=0–30 m
|distribution=Conn.;Del.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Arbust. Amer.,
|publication year=1785
|special status=Endemic;Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_632.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae
|genus=Prunus
|species=Prunus maritima
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Prunus]]