View source for Carya cordiformis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Carya cordiformis
|accepted_authority=(Wangenheim) K. Koch
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Dendrologie
|place=1: 597. 1869
|year=1869
}}
|common_names=Bitternut hickory;pignut;noyer amer;caryer cordiforme
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Juglans cordiformis
|authority=Wangenheim
|rank=species
|publication_title=Beytr. Teut. Forstwiss.,
|publication_place=25, plate 10, fig. 25. 1787
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Hicoria cordiformis
|authority=(Wangenheim) Britton
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Hicoria minima
|authority=(Marshall) Britton
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Juglandaceae;Carya;Carya cordiformis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Juglandaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carya]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carya cordiformis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees,</b> to 52 m. <b>Bark</b> gray or brownish, smooth or ridged or exfoliating with small platelike scales. <b>Twigs</b> tan, slender, glabrous except scaly near tip. <b>Terminal</b> buds sulfur yellow to tan, oblong, 10(-19) mm, densely scaly with yellow peltate scales, pilose near apex; bud scales valvate; axillary buds protected by pair of valvate bracteoles. <b>Leaves</b> 2-4 dm; petiole 3-7 cm, glabrous near base, hirsute near rachis. <b>Leaflets</b> (5-)7-9(-13), lateral petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-8 mm; blades ovate-lanceolate, rarely falcate, 3-19 × 1-7 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, without tufts of hairs, apex acuminate; surfaces abaxially villous with unicellular and 2-4-rayed fasciculate hairs along midrib and major veins, densely to sparsely pubescent throughout, and with abundant large peltate scales and small round and 2- or 4-lobed peltate scales in spring, still present near margins at base and apex in fall, adaxially villous along midrib near base, sparsely scaly in spring. <b>Staminate</b> catkins pedunculate, to 16 cm, stalks without hairs or hirsute, bracts scaly; anthers hirsute. <b>Fruits</b> brown, cylindric, obovoid, or nearly spheric, not compressed or only slightly compressed, 2-3 × 2-3.2 cm; husks rough, 2-3 mm thick, dehiscing to middle or slightly below, sutures winged; nuts light brown, ellipsoid to ovoid, not compressed or only slightly compressed, not angled, rugulose; shells thin. <b>Seeds</b> bitter. <b>2n</b> = 32.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring.
|habitat=River flood plains, well-drained hillsides, and limestone glades
|elevation=0-900 m
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p><i>Carya cordiformis</i> hybridizes with <i>C. illinoinensis</i> (C. ×brownii Sargent), <i>C. ovata</i> (C. ×laneyi Sargent), and <i>C. laciniosa</i>, and reputedly with the tetraploid <i>C. glabra</i> (C. ×demareei Palmer).</p><!--
--><p>The Fox Indians used <i>Carya cordiformis</i> medicinally as a diuretic, a laxative, and a panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Carya cordiformis
|authority=(Wangenheim) K. Koch
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Hicoria cordiformis;Hicoria minima
|basionyms=Juglans cordiformis
|family=Juglandaceae
|phenology=Flowering spring.
|habitat=River flood plains, well-drained hillsides, and limestone glades
|elevation=0-900 m
|distribution=Ont.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Nebr.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Dendrologie
|publication year=1869
|special status=Endemic;Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V3/V3_427.xml
|genus=Carya
|species=Carya cordiformis
}}<!--

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