View source for Malva

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Malva
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 687. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 308. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Mallow;mauve
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Axolopha
|authority=(de Candolle) Alefeld
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bismalva
|authority=Medikus
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Saviniona
|authority=Webb & Berthelot
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Malvaceae;Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae;Malva
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Malvaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Malva]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin name derived from Greek malacho, to soften, alluding to emollient qualities of some species
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 215, 219, 231, 233, 277, 288, 291, 292
|treatment_page=page 286
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual, biennial, or perennial, subshrubs, or shrubs, glabrous or hairy, hairs stellate or simple. <b>Stems</b> erect, ascending, or trailing. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules persistent or deciduous, linear, lanceolate, triangular, or ovate to ± falcate; blade orbiculate or reniform, unlobed or palmately 3–7(–9)-lobed or divided, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate to dentate. <b>Inflorescences</b> usually axillary, flowers usually in fascicles, sometimes solitary, sometimes terminal racemes; involucel present, bractlets persistent, 3, distinct or basally connate (or recurved pedicel), not inflated, oblate-discoid, usually depressed in center, around broad axis, without persistent swollen style base, ± indurate, glabrous or hairy; mericarps 6–15(–20), drying tan or brown, 1-celled, wedge-shaped (triangular in cross section), oblong to reniform, beak or cusp absent, sides thin and papery or thicker, margins usually edged, apex rounded, indehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> 1 per mericarp, adherent to mericarp wall, usually not readily separated from it, reniform-rounded, notched, glabrous. <b>x</b> = 21.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Eurasia;n Africa (especially Mediterranean region);introduced nearly worldwide.
|discussion=<p>Species 30–40 (11 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Some species of <i>Malva</i> are weedy; five or six in the flora area generally occur in cultivation as ornamentals or as vegetables and occasionally escape. Some species previously treated within <i>Lavatera</i> (see M. F. Ray 1995, 1998) are here included in <i>Malva</i> based upon molecular evidence. Traditionally, <i>Lavatera</i> and <i>Malva</i> were separated by the presence of partially connate relatively wide involucellar bractlets in the former and distinct generally narrow bractlets in the latter. The annual species of <i>Althaea</i> (sect. Hirsutae Iljin ex Olyanitskaya & Tzvelev) may also belong within <i>Malva</i>, but have been kept separate here. Nomenclature in <i>Althaea</i>, <i>Lavatera</i>, and <i>Malva</i> is still in flux and a satisfactory classification is not yet available. Intergeneric hybrids among some species of all three genera suggest a close relationship.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=ray1995a
|text=Ray, M. F. 1995. Systematics of Lavatera and Malva (Malvaceae, Malveae)—A new perspective. Pl. Syst. Evol. 198: 29–53.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Shrubs, 1–4 m; petals 25–45 mm; calyces 12–15 mm; mericarps 6–10.
|[[Malva assurgentiflora|Malva assurgentiflora]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Herbs or subshrubs, 0.2–3 m; petals 3–35(–45) mm (if subshrubs, petals to 20 mm); calyces 3–10(–15) mm; mericarps 6–15(–20)
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Distal leaf blades deeply (3–)5–7-lobed; petals 20–35 mm
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Distal leaf blades unlobed or shallowly lobed; petals 3–30(–45) mm
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Hairs stellate-canescent; involucellar bractlets ovate or ovate-deltate to obovate; mericarps 18–20, glabrous or sparsely hairy.
|[[Malva alcea|Malva alcea]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Hairs usually simple, sometimes stellate; involucellar bractlets linear to narrowly oblanceolate or elliptic; mericarps 11–15, densely hirsute apically.
|[[Malva moschata|Malva moschata]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petals (12–)16–30(–45) mm, length 2 1/2–3(–4) times calyx; involucellar bractlets distinct, sometimes adnate to calyx in basal 1 mm.
|[[Malva sylvestris|Malva sylvestris]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Petals 3–15(–20) mm, length 1–2(–5) times calyx; involucellar bractlets distinct or partly connate and/or adnate to calyx (if petals longer than 14 mm, involucellar bractlets connate)
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Involucellar bractlets connate in proximal 1/3–1/2, adnate to calyx, ovate-deltate, ovate, or round; petals 10–20 mm; stems usually erect, rarely prostrate, 1–3 m
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Involucellar bractlets distinct, basally adnate to calyx (in M. nicaeensis) or not, filiform, linear, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, ovate, or obovate; petals 3–15 mm; stems erect or ascending to decumbent, procumbent, prostrate, or trailing, 0.2–0.8(–2.5) m
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Involucel longer than calyx; leaf blade surfaces densely soft-stellate-hairy; petals rose to lavender with 5 darker veins; stem base usually woody.
|[[Malva arborea|Malva arborea]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Involucel shorter than calyx; leaf blade surfaces sparsely stellate-hairy; petals pale pink to white, usually with 3 darker veins; stem base not woody.
|[[Malva pseudolavatera|Malva pseudolavatera]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Involucellar bractlets basally adnate to calyx, broadly lanceolate to ovate or obovate; petals drying bluish, usually with darker veins.
|[[Malva nicaeensis|Malva nicaeensis]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Involucellar bractlets not adnate to calyx, filiform, linear, lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate; petals drying pinkish or whitish, or faded, veins not much darker
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Involucellar bractlets filiform to linear; calyces accrescent, lobes spreading outward exposing mericarps; petals 3–4.5(–5) mm, white to pale lilac; mericarp margins narrowly winged, toothed.
|[[Malva parviflora|Malva parviflora]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Involucellar bractlets linear, oblanceolate, or lanceolate; calyces not accrescent, or, if so, lobes usually enclosing mericarps; petals (3–)5–13 mm, pale lilac, pink, pinkish, purplish, to nearly white or whitish; mericarp margins not winged, sometimes toothed
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Stems erect; plants 0.5–2.5 m; leaf blades 3–10(–25) cm; pedicels stout and rigid in fruit.
|[[Malva verticillata|Malva verticillata]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Stems prostrate or trailing to ascending; plants usually 0.2–0.6 m; leaf blades 1–3.5(–6) cm; pedicels slender and flexible in fruit
|[[#key-0-10| > 10]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Petals 6–13 mm, length 2 times calyx; mericarps hairy, smooth to slightly roughened or reticulate.
|[[Malva neglecta|Malva neglecta]]
|-id=key-0-10
|10
|Petals 3–6 mm, length subequal to or slightly exceeding calyx; mericarps hairy or glabrate, strongly rugose-reticulate.
|[[Malva pusilla|Malva pusilla]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Malva
|author=Steven R. Hill
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=Axolopha;Bismalva;Saviniona
|basionyms=
|family=Malvaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Eurasia;n Africa (especially Mediterranean region);introduced nearly worldwide.
|reference=ray1995a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_522.xml
|subfamily=Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae
|genus=Malva
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae]]