View source for Viola sempervirens

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Viola sempervirens
|accepted_authority=Greene
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pittonia
|place=4: 8. 1899
|year=1899
}}
|common_names=Evergreen or redwood violet;violette toujours verte
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Viola sarmentosa
|authority=Douglas
|rank=species
|publication_title=W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|publication_place=1: 80. 1830,
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. sempervirens subsp. orbiculoides
|authority=M. S. Baker
|rank=subspecies
}}
|hierarchy=Violaceae;Viola;Viola sempervirens
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Violaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Viola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Viola sempervirens]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 116, 141, 164
|treatment_page=page 157
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, caulescent, stoloniferous, 10–30 cm; stolons green or reddish, leafy, sometimes rooting at nodes, becoming lignified in age. <b>Stems</b> 1–5, prostrate, spreading, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, from current and/or previous year’s growth, on usually vertical, fleshy rhizome, rooting and forming rosettes at or near tip; rooted rosettes often develop into an erect, fleshy caudex from which new stems are produced. <b>Leaves</b> evergreen, basal and cauline; basal: 1–6(–10); stipules deltate to ovate or linear-lanceolate, margins entire or glandular-toothed, apex acute to long-acuminate; petiole 2–16 cm, glabrous; blade often purple-spotted abaxially and/or adaxially, orbiculate to ovate, 1–4.5 × 2–3.9 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate, eciliate, apex blunt to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous or with scattered bristles on one or both surfaces; cauline similar to basal except: stipules deltate to lanceolate, margins entire or sparingly toothed; petiole 0.3–3 cm; blade 1.2–2.2 × 1.2–2 cm. <b>Peduncles</b> 5–10 cm, glabrous. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals lemon-yellow on both surfaces, lower 3 and sometimes upper 2 brownish purple-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 8–17 mm, spur yellow or whitish, gibbous, 1–2.5 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary. <b>Capsules</b> mottled with purple, spherical to ovoid, 5–8 mm, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> brown, tinged purple, 2–2.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 24, 48.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Jan–Jul.
|habitat=Redwood forests, other coastal forests, Douglas fir, other coniferous forests
|elevation=30–1400 m
|distribution=B.C.;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.
|discussion=<p>In California, <i>Viola sempervirens</i> occurs in shaded redwood forests and other coastal forest habitats. In Oregon and Washington, it occurs in Douglas fir and other coniferous forests, where it can form mats (clones) one meter or more in diameter; its prostrate, spreading growth habit is similar to <i>V. walteri</i>. The leafy stems of <i>V. sempervirens</i> are similar to the leafy stolons of <i>V. odorata</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Viola sempervirens
|authority=Greene
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=V. sempervirens subsp. orbiculoides
|basionyms=Viola sarmentosa
|family=Violaceae
|phenology=Flowering Jan–Jul.
|habitat=Redwood forests, other coastal forests, Douglas fir, other coniferous forests
|elevation=30–1400 m
|distribution=B.C.;Alaska;Calif.;Idaho;Oreg.;Wash.
|reference=None
|publication title=Pittonia
|publication year=1899
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_281.xml
|genus=Viola
|species=Viola sempervirens
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Viola]]