View source for Stellaria media

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Stellaria media
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Villars
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Hist. Pl. Dauphiné
|place=3: 615. 1789
|year=1789
}}
|common_names=Common chickweed;mouron des oiseaux
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Alsine media
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=1: 272. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Stellaria apetala
|authority=Ucria ex Roemer
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Stellaria media var. procera
|authority=Klatt & Richter
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae;Stellaria;Stellaria media
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stellaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Stellaria media]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 72, 97, 110, 111
|treatment_page=page 109
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>annual or winter annual, green, with slender taproot. <b>Stems</b> decumbent or ascending, diffusely branched, 4-sided, 5–40 cm, with single line of hairs along each internode. <b>Leaves</b> petiolate (proximal) or ± sessile (distal); blade usually green, ovate to broadly elliptic, 0.5–4 cm × 2–20 mm, base round to cuneate, margins entire, apex acute or shortly acuminate, ± glabrous or ciliate at base. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, 5–many-flowered cymes; bracts ovate and shortly acuminate to lanceolate-acute, 1–40 mm, herbaceous. <b>Pedicels</b> ascending, usually straight, deflexed at base in fruit, 3–40 mm, usually with line of hairs. <b>Flowers</b> 2–5 mm diam.; sepals 5, with obscure midrib, ovate-lanceolate, 4.5–5(–6) mm, margins narrow, scarious, apex obtuse, usually glandular-hairy; petals absent or 5, 1–4 mm, shorter than to equaling sepals; stamens 3–5(–8); anthers red-violet; styles 3, outwardly curved, becoming curled, 0.5–1 mm. <b>Capsules</b> green to straw colored, ovoid-oblong, 3–5 mm, somewhat longer than sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 6 valves; carpophore absent. <b>Seeds</b> reddish brown, broadly reniform to round, 0.9–1.3 mm diam., with obtuse, round, or flat-topped (broader than tall) tubercles. <b>2n</b> = 40, 42, 44.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering year-round where climatic conditions permit.
|habitat=Cultivated ground, waste places, open woodlands
|elevation=0-2500 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe.
|discussion=<p><i>Stellaria media</i>, now a cosmopolitan weed, is a very polymorphic species, varying in size, habit, pubescence, petal length, stamen number, and seed size and surface detail.</p><!--
--><p>The <i>Stellaria media</i> complex consists of three very similar and closely related species, <i>S. media</i>, <i>S. neglecta</i>, and <i>S. pallida</i>. They can almost always be distinguished by the characters given in the key, but in a few doubtful cases a chromosome count is desirable for positive identification. The problem arises from the considerable phenotypic variation which is displayed by <i>S. media</i>, and to a lesser extent by <i>S. pallida</i>. There is no evidence for gene exchange between these species. <i>Stellaria pallida</i> is autogamous and sometimes cleistogamous; <i>S. media</i> is both autogamous and occasionally cross-pollinated by flies; <i>S. neglecta</i> is usually cross-pollinated by flies but is self-compatible.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=turkington1980a
|text=Turkington, R., N. C. Kenkel, and G. C. Franko. 1980. The biology of Canadian weeds. 42. Stellaria media (L.) Vill. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 60: 981–982.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=whitehead1967a
|text=Whitehead, F. H. and R. P. Sinha. 1967. Taxonomy and taximetrics of Stellaria media (Linnaeus) Vill., S. neglecta Weihe and S. pallida (Dumort.) Piré. New Phytol. 66: 769–784.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Stellaria media
|authority=(Linnaeus) Villars
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Stellaria apetala;Stellaria media var. procera
|basionyms=Alsine media
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|phenology=Flowering year-round where climatic conditions permit.
|habitat=Cultivated ground, waste places, open woodlands
|elevation=0-2500 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=turkington1980a;whitehead1967a
|publication title=Hist. Pl. Dauphiné
|publication year=1789
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_227.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae
|genus=Stellaria
|species=Stellaria media
}}<!--

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