View source for Epipactis gigantea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Epipactis gigantea
|accepted_authority=Douglas ex Hooker
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|place=2: 202, plate 202. 1839
|year=1839
}}
|common_names=Chatterbox;stream orchid;giant helleborine
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Amesia gigantea
|authority=(Douglas ex Hooker) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Helleborine gigantea
|authority=(Douglas ex Hooker) Druce
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae;Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae;Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae;Epipactis;Epipactis gigantea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Epipactis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Epipactis gigantea]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 585
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>to 1.4 m, essentially glabrous. <b>Leaves</b> 4–14, ovate, ovate-elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 5–20 × 2–7 cm. <b>Inflorescences</b> lax racemes; floral bracts lanceolate to oblong, 7–127 mm. <b>Flowers</b> 2–32, rather showy; sepals greenish to rose-colored with rose-colored to purple veins; lateral sepals 16–24 × 8–9 mm, apex very oblique; petals pale pink to rose-colored to orange with red or purple veins, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 13–17 × 6–8 mm; lip marked with red or purple, strongly veined, distinctly 3-lobed, constricted at middle into 2 parts, proximal part papillose, calli red, minute, warty, lateral lobes prominent subtriangular wings, distal part linear-oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate-oblanceolate, grooved to tip, 14–20 mm, calli near base, erect, orange or yellow, winglike; column erect, short, stout, with pair of lateral processes, 5–10 × 3 mm; anther green; pollinia 2 pairs, yellow, soft. <b>Capsules</b> ellipsoid, glabrate or sparsely pubescent, 20–25 mm. <b>2n</b> = 40.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering throughout summer (Mar–Aug).
|habitat=Wet gravelly and sandy stream shores and bars, may occur in riparian willow, box elder, and river birch woodlands or in chaparral, seepages, marshes, wet cliffs, hot springs
|elevation=0–3000 m
|distribution=B.C.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico;Asia (China;India;s Japan;Tibet).
|discussion=<p>Two very distinct color forms of this species have been published: <i>Epipactis gigantea</i> forma rubrifolia P. M. Brown, with deep red stems and leaves, and <i>E. gigantea</i> forma citrina P. M. Brown, with lemon-yellow flowers. Both are known from California.</p><!--
--><p>The occurrence of this wide-ranging species in India and Tibet is based on <i>Epipactis</i> royaleana Lindley ex Royle being given as a synonym in a study of the Monocotyledoneae of Karakorum (W. B. Dickoré 1995) and an embryologic study (S. P. Vij et al. 1999).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Epipactis gigantea
|authority=Douglas ex Hooker
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Amesia gigantea;Helleborine gigantea
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|phenology=Flowering throughout summer (Mar–Aug).
|habitat=Wet gravelly and sandy stream shores and bars, may occur in riparian willow, box elder, and river birch woodlands or in chaparral, seepages, marshes, wet cliffs, hot springs
|elevation=0–3000 m
|distribution=B.C.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mont.;Nev.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Oreg.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wyo.;Mexico;Asia (China;India;s Japan;Tibet).
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|publication year=1839
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_1195.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Epidendroideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Neottieae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Neottieae) subtribe Limodorinae
|genus=Epipactis
|species=Epipactis gigantea
}}<!--

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