View source for Dryopteris filix-mas

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Dryopteris filix-mas
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) Schott
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Fil.
|place=plate 67. 1834
|year=1834
}}
|common_names=Male fern;dryoptère fougère mâle
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Polypodium filix-mas
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 1090. 1753
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Dryopteridaceae;Dryopteris;Dryopteris filix-mas
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Dryopteridaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Dryopteris]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Dryopteris filix-mas]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>monomorphic, dying back in winter, 28–120 × 10–30 cm. <b>Petiole</b> less than 1/4 length of leaf, scaly at least at base; scales scattered, brown, of 2 distinct kinds, 1 broad, 1 hairlike (only this species has 2 distinct forms of scales without intermediates). <b>Blade</b> green, ovate-lanceolate, pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate at base, firm but not leathery, not glandular. <b>Pinnae</b> ± in plane of blade, lanceolate; basal pinnae ovate-lanceolate, much reduced, basal pinnules or segments ± same length as adjacent pinnules, basal basiscopic pinnule and basal acroscopic pinnule equal; pinnule margins serrate to lobed. <b>Sori</b> midway between midvein and margin of segments. <b>Indusia</b> lacking glands. <b>2n</b> = 164.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Dense woods and talus slopes on limestone (ne North America), open woods among boulders and talus of granite or igneous rock (Rocky Mountains)
|elevation=200–2500 m
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Nfld.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mich.;Mont.;N.Mex.;Nev.;Okla.;Oreg.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia.
|discussion=<p>The taxonomy of <i>Dryopteris filix-mas</i> is not well understood. In North America, this fern has been considered both an auto- and an allopolyploid and may be composed of at least two closely related taxa. Plants in the northeast and northwest are tetraploid. These differ morphologically and ecologically from a taxon of unknown chromosome number in the southwestern Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountain taxon closely resembles the Mexican D. pseudofilix-mas (Fée) Rothmaler. <i>Dryopteris filix-mas</i> also occurs in Europe, and it is known to be an allopolyploid of D. caucasica (A. Braun) Fraser-Jenkins & Corley × oreades Fomin.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Dryopteris filix-mas
|authority=(Linnaeus) Schott
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Polypodium filix-mas
|family=Dryopteridaceae
|habitat=Dense woods and talus slopes on limestone (ne North America), open woods among boulders and talus of granite or igneous rock (Rocky Mountains)
|elevation=200–2500 m
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Nfld.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mich.;Mont.;N.Mex.;Nev.;Okla.;Oreg.;Tex.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;Europe;Asia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Gen. Fil.
|publication year=1834
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_618.xml
|genus=Dryopteris
|species=Dryopteris filix-mas
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Dryopteris]]