View source for Kickxia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Kickxia
|accepted_authority=Dumortier
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Belg.,
|place=35. 1827
|year=1827
}}
|common_names=Cancerwort;fluellin
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Plantaginaceae;Kickxia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Plantaginaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Kickxia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Jean Jacques Kickx, 1842–1887, Belgian botanist
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 12, 13, 26
|treatment_page=page 25
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual [perennial]. <b>Stems</b> decumbent or prostrate to erect [climbing], villous to glandular-hairy [glabrous]. <b>Leaves</b> cauline, alternate, sometimes opposite proximally; petiole present; blade oblong-ovate to orbiculate or cordate, not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or dentate [lobed]. <b>Inflorescences</b> axillary, flowers solitary; bracts absent. <b>Pedicels</b> present, spreading; bracteoles absent. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; sepals 5, basally connate, equal, calyx radially symmetric, campanulate, lobes lanceolate [linear], villous; corolla yellow [white], often tinged blue to violet [red], bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate and personate, tubular, tube base not gibbous, spurred abaxially, lobes 5, abaxial 3, spreading, adaxial 2, erect, subequal, apex round; stamens 4, basally adnate to corolla, didynamous, included, filaments incurved, sparsely hairy or glabrous, anthers coherent, ciliate, pollen sacs oblong; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, villous, locules subequal, placentation axile; stigma capitate. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, dehiscence poricidal [indehiscent]. <b>Seeds</b> [6–]20–40[–60], dark brown to black, oblong-ovoid [reniform], wings absent. <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Eurasia;n Africa;Atlantic Islands;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 9 or 46 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Kickxia</i> is characterized by personate, long-spurred corollas, coherent anthers, and poricidal capsule dehiscence. Early treatments proposed that <i>Kickxia</i> was congeneric with, or closely related to, <i>Linaria</i> (G. Bentham 1876; P. A. Munz 1926); later taxonomic treatments and phylogenetic analyses have supported generic rank for <i>Kickxia</i> (W. Rothmaler 1943; D. A. Sutton 1988; M. Ghebrehiwet 2001). Morphology- and molecular-based phylogenies support Anarrhinum Desfontaines (x = 10) as the most likely sister group to <i>Kickxia</i> (x = 9) and their basal position in Antirrhineae as the Anarrhinum clade (Ghebrehiwet et al. 2000; P. Vargas et al. 2004).</p><!--
--><p>Although usually considered in a broad sense (D. A. Sutton 1988), N. Yousefi et al. (2016) proposed, on the basis of ITS and trnl sequence data, that <i>Kickxia</i> sect. Valvatae (Wettstein) Janchen be recognized at the genus level. <i>Kickxia</i> then becomes a genus of nine species, with 37 being transferred to Nanorrhinum Betsche.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=ghebrehiwet2001a
|text=Ghebrehiwet, M. 2001. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography of Kickxia and Nanorrhinum (Scrophulariaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 20: 655–690.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade bases: proximal truncate or rounded to cuneate, distal hastate to sagittate; sepal lobes not accrescent.
|[[Kickxia elatine|Kickxia elatine]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade bases rounded to cordate; sepal lobes accrescent.
|[[Kickxia spuria|Kickxia spuria]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Kickxia
|author=Wayne J. Elisens
|authority=Dumortier
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Plantaginaceae
|distribution=Eurasia;n Africa;Atlantic Islands;introduced also in Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Pacific Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=ghebrehiwet2001a
|publication title=Fl. Belg.,
|publication year=1827
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_99.xml
|genus=Kickxia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Plantaginaceae]]