View source for Castilleja miniata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Castilleja miniata
|accepted_authority=Douglas ex Hooker
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|place=2: 106. 1838
|year=1838
}}
|common_names=Scarlet or common or giant red paintbrush
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orobanchaceae;Castilleja;Castilleja miniata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orobanchaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Castilleja]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Castilleja miniata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 566, 579, 581, 582, 584, 595, 596, 599, 601, 604, 609, 611, 616, 622, 624, 628, 634, 643, 649, 651, 657, 662
|treatment_page=page 627
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, 1.2–8(–10) dm; from a woody caudex (or slender rooting rhizomes in <i></i>var.<i> dixonii</i>, <i></i>var.<i> miniata</i>); with a taproot or with slender, branched roots from a rhizome. <b>Stems</b> few to many, erect to ascending, rarely proximally decumbent or creeping and rooting at nodes, usually branched, glabrous, glabrate, or hairy, hairs spreading to ± retrorse, short to long, soft to stiff, rarely stipitate-glandular. <b>Leaves</b> green to purple, linear to lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, narrowly oblong, or ovate, (1.5–)3–8(–9.5) cm, thin and not fleshy or slightly to moderately thickened and slightly fleshy, margins plane, rarely wavy, flat to involute, whole leaf sometimes recurved downward, 0(–5)-lobed, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes rounded; lobes ascending-spreading, narrowly lanceolate, apex acute. <b>Inflorescences</b> 3–15(–22) × 1.5–5.5 cm, often bearing a thin, white, powdery exudate, especially on bract surfaces; bracts greenish, scarlet, red, red-orange, or pale orange throughout, sometimes pink, magenta, pink-purple, yellow, greenish yellow, white, or salmon throughout, or proximally greenish, distally colored as above, lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 0–5(–7)-lobed, central lobes sometimes distally apiculate; lobes erect, linear to lanceolate, oblong, or oblanceolate, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse, rounded, or truncate, lateral ones rounded to acute or acuminate. <b>Pedicels</b> 0–5 mm. <b>Calyces</b> colored as bracts, 15–38 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–24 mm, 35–70% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)3–8(–12) mm, 5–30% of calyx length; lobes linear or narrowly lanceolate to narrowly triangular, apex acute to acuminate or obtuse. <b>Corollas</b> slightly curved, 20–48 mm; tube 12–26 mm; abaxial lip usually not exserted, though often visible in front calyx cleft, beak partially to fully exserted; beak adaxially green to yellow-green or whitish, (9–)14–25 mm; abaxial lip incurved or ascending, deep green or green, sometimes deep purple or yellowish, reduced, not inflated, visible in front cleft, 0.5–3.5 mm, 5–20% as long as beak (to ca. 33% as long as beak in some populations of <i></i>var.<i> miniata</i>); teeth incurved or erect, green or white, 0.7–1.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w North America;nw Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Castilleja miniata</i> is widely recognized as the common scarlet paintbrush. It is highly variable and has five levels of polyploidy. Nonetheless, it remains fairly well defined morphologically across its wide range. Native Americans use it medicinally. A probable hybrid with <i>C. septentrionalis</i> from southern <i>Nevada</i> was named C. ×porterae Cockerell.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bracts distally pale yellowish, pale orange, or salmon, sometimes pale red; n, c British Columbia, adjacent wc Alberta, s Yukon.
|[[Castilleja miniata var. fulva|Castilleja miniata var. fulva]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bracts distally scarlet, red, or orange-red, sometimes orange, pink, pink-purple, magenta, pale orange, yellow, greenish yellow, or white; widespread in much of w North America south of the arctic.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems glabrous or glabrate proximally, hairy medially and distally; leaves appressed-ascending, ascending, or spreading, often thickened and slightly fleshy; calyx lobe apices acuminate; Cuyamaca, Laguna, San Bernardino and e San Gabriel mountains of sw California.
|[[Castilleja miniata var. oblongifolia|Castilleja miniata var. oblongifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems glabrous or sparsely hairy proximally and medially, subglabrous or sparsely hairy distally; leaves spreading to ascending, thin and not fleshy (except sometimes in var. dixonii); calyx lobe apices acute to acuminate or obtuse; widespread in w North America.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves linear to lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, or narrowly oblong, apices acute to acuminate, sometimes obtuse; calyx lobe apices acute, sometimes acuminate or obtuse; widespread in w North America, except near coast.
|[[Castilleja miniata var. miniata|Castilleja miniata var. miniata]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves narrowly lanceolate to ovate, narrowly elliptic, or narrowly oblong, apices rounded to obtuse, sometimes acute to acuminate; calyx lobe apices acute to obtuse; coastal, from extreme nw Oregon northward to British Columbia.
|[[Castilleja miniata var. dixonii|Castilleja miniata var. dixonii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Castilleja miniata
|authority=Douglas ex Hooker
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Orobanchaceae
|distribution=w North America;nw Mexico.
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|publication year=1838
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_1107.xml
|genus=Castilleja
|species=Castilleja miniata
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Castilleja]]