View source for Pityopsis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Pityopsis
|accepted_authority=Nuttall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|place=7: 317–318. 1840
|year=1840
}}
|common_names=Grass-leaved goldenasters
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pityopsis
|authority=(Nuttall) Torrey & A. Gray
|rank=unranked
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Heterotheca sect. Pityopsis
|authority=(Nuttall) V. L. Harms
|rank=section
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Pityopsis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Pityopsis]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek pitys, pine, and opsis, appearance or likeness, alluding to pine-needlelike leaves of P. pinifolia
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 14, 211, 214, 228, 231
|treatment_page=page 222
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 10–80 cm (forming clumps); rhizomatous. <b>Stems</b> ascending to erect, simple or branched, usually moderately to densely appressed silky-sericeous (hairs often anastomosing), rarely glabrate, sometimes stipitate-glandular. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline; alternate; sessile; blades 3–11-parallel-nerved, linear to lanceolate or ovate, often grasslike (basal shorter or longer than mid, mid larger), margins entire, faces glabrate to densely piloso-sericeous (hairs long, thin, soft, sometimes anastomosing). <b>Heads</b> radiate, usually in corymbiform to paniculiform arrays, rarely borne singly. <b>Involucres</b> turbinate (campanulate upon drying), (4.5–13 ×) 5.5–14 mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> 30–50 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (midnerves sometimes raised; not keeled), lanceolate, unequal, margins scarious, (darker green zones lens-shaped apically) faces glabrate to silky-pilose and/or densely stipitate-glandular. <b>Receptacles</b> slightly convex, pitted, epaleate. <b>Ray</b> florets 8–35, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow. <b>Disc</b> florets 15–60, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, ± ampliate (glabrate, hairs minute and usually only near base of limbs, rarely sparsely to moderately long pilose on much of limbs), tubes shorter than narrowly funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to spreading, deltate (glabrous or strigose, rarely sparsely long-pilose); style-branch appendages deltate (papillate). <b>Cypselae</b> (often dark) fusiform, sometimes slightly compressed, sometimes slightly falcate, 8–10-ribbed, faces sparsely to densely strigose; pappi persistent, in (3–)4 series, outer of linear to linear-triangular, barbellate or erose-fimbrillate scales (0.3–1.4 mm, length 5–20% longer inner), inner 2–3 series of 25–50 light tan to light rust, unequal, barbellate, apically attenuate or weakly clavate bristles. <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=e United States;se Mexico;Bahamas;Central America (Belize;Guatemala;Honduras).
|discussion=<p>Species 7 (7 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Pityopsis</i> has been treated historically as a distinct genus or as a section of <i>Chrysopsis</i> (A. Gray 1884) or <i>Heterotheca</i> (L. H. Shinners 1951e). J. C. Semple (1977) and Semple et al. (1980) presented cytologic, morphologic, and anatomic reasons for treating <i>Pityopsis</i>, <i>Chrysopsis</i>, and <i>Heterotheca</i> as separate genera. Semple and F. D. Bowers (1985) monographed the genus; their treatment is followed here. Semple and Bowers (1987) reported on the distribution of ploidy levels within the genus. In a preliminary cladistic study of the Chrysopsidinae, <i>Pityopsis</i> was consistently separate from <i>Chrysopsis</i> and <i>Heterotheca</i> (Semple and L. Tebby 1999). L. Brouillet (pers. comm.) noted that DNA sequence data also indicate that <i>Pityopsis</i> is separate from <i>Chrysopsis</i> and <i>Heterotheca</i>. Semple and J. L. A. Hood (2005) described additional differences among the pappi of <i>Chrysopsis</i>, <i>Heterotheca</i>, and <i>Pityopsis</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Basal leaves usually longer than cauline, grasslike, faces sericeous
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Basal leaves shorter than cauline, mid and distal similar in size, not grasslike or only somewhat so (in P. ruthii), faces sericeous to glabrate
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves and peduncles (and stems) not densely stipitate-glandular; phyllaries eglandular (except in var. graminifolia)
|[[Pityopsis graminifolia|Pityopsis graminifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Peduncles and phyllaries moderately to densely stipitate-glandular; distal leaves sometimes stipitate-glandular, especially along margins
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Cauline leaves 2–6; heads 1–5(–10), involucres 9–11 mm
|[[Pityopsis oligantha|Pityopsis oligantha]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Cauline leaves more than 15; heads (4–)10–70, involucres 4.5–8 mm
|[[Pityopsis aspera|Pityopsis aspera]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Peduncles and phyllaries moderately to densely stipitate-glandular; leaf faces silvery-sericeous
|[[Pityopsis ruthii|Pityopsis ruthii]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Peduncles and phyllaries not or sparsely, minutely stipitate-glandular; leaf faces sericeous to glabrate
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stems flexuous; involucres (7–)8–11 mm, equaling pappi
|[[Pityopsis flexuosa|Pityopsis flexuosa]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stems not flexuous; involucres 5–8 mm, usually shorter than pappi
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Stems glabrous or sparsely piloso-sericeous; cauline leaves linear-filiform
|[[Pityopsis pinifolia|Pityopsis pinifolia]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Stems sparsely to densely sericeous; cauline leaves broadly to narrowly oblanceolate or linear
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Cauline leaves linear, usually falcate; sandy coastal areas, New Jersey to Cape Cod
|[[Pityopsis falcata|Pityopsis falcata]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Cauline leaves lanceolate to ovate, not falcate
|[[Pityopsis graminifolia|Pityopsis graminifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Pityopsis
|author=John C. Semple
|authority=Nuttall
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Pityopsis;Heterotheca sect. Pityopsis
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Marjorie C. Leggitt
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=e United States;se Mexico;Bahamas;Central America (Belize;Guatemala;Honduras).
|reference=None
|publication title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|publication year=1840
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/eaa6e58056e40c9ef614d8f47aea294977a1a5e9/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_491.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Pityopsis
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]