View source for Rubus pascuus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Rubus pascuus
|accepted_authority=L. H. Bailey
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gentes Herb.
|place=5: 440, fig. 200. 1943
|year=1943
}}
|common_names=Topsy;Nanticoke or Chesapeake blackberry
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae;Rosaceae tribe Rubeae;Rubus;Rubus pascuus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Rubeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Rubus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Rubus pascuus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 33, 36, 39
|treatment_page=page 49
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> 7–30 dm, armed. <b>Stems</b> biennial, arching, sparsely to densely hairy, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; bark not papery, peeling; prickles moderate to dense, hooked, retrorse, or erect, stout, 4–10 mm, broad- or narrow-based. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous to semievergreen, palmately compound, rarely ternate; stipules filiform to linear, rarely narrowly lanceolate, 5–16(–20) mm; leaflets 3–5, terminal broadly elliptic or ovate, (3.5–)4.5–8.5 × 2.5–6 cm, base rounded, unlobed, margins moderately to coarsely doubly, rarely singly, serrate, apex acute or short-acuminate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on larger veins, short-velutinous to tomentose, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal and axillary, 3–15(–25)-flowered, cymiform to thyrsiform, not projected well beyond subtending leaves. <b>Pedicels</b>: prickles moderate to dense, hooked, retrorse, or erect, densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately sessile-glandular. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual; petals white to pale pink, obovate or elliptic to orbiculate, (8–)10–15 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous or apically hairy. <b>Fruits</b> black, globose to subcylindric, 1–2 cm; drupelets (15–)20–40(–50), strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. <b>2n</b> = 21, 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering (Apr–)May–Jun.
|habitat=Woodland edges, swamp margins, dry thickets, open and often disturbed areas, roadsides
|elevation=0–300(–700) m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.C.;Okla.;Pa.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|discussion=<p><i>Rubus pascuus</i> is probably more widespread than indicated here. The species is most likely to be mistaken for <i>R. bifrons</i>, <i>R. cuneifolius</i>, or <i>R. pensilvanicus</i>. Unlike <i>R. bifrons</i>, <i>R. pascuus</i> is generally more densely glandular, has much shorter, compact inflorescences that usually barely surpass the leaves, and tends to hold its primocane leaves relatively erect (versus spreading in <i>R. bifrons</i>). Although both can be semievergreen, <i>R. pascuus</i> will lose its leaves more readily than <i>R. bifrons</i> in areas where they co-occur. When compared with <i>R. cuneifolius</i>, <i>R. pascuus</i> has pale pink to white petals and ovate to broadly elliptic leaflets with flat margins, the entire part restricted to the base; <i>R. cuneifolius</i> has white petals and cuneate to obovate leaflets with usually revolute margins, the proximal third entire. When compared with <i>R. pensilvanicus</i>, <i>R. pascuus</i> has pale pink to white petals. <i>Rubus pensilvanicus</i> only has white petals as well as abaxial leaf surfaces, which are white to gray-green in <i>R. pascuus</i> with dense, short-velutinous to tomentose indument, while those of <i>R. pensilvanicus</i> can be hairy but never whitish to gray-green. A notable aspect of <i>R. pascuus</i> is how vigorously armed it is, more so than most other <i>Rubus</i> species in the flora area.</p><!--
--><p><i>Rubus pascuus</i> may represent a stabilized hybrid between a European and a native blackberry species, suggested by whitish pubescence on the abaxial leaf surface and pale pink petals. L. H. Bailey placed <i>R. pascuus</i> in his sect. Cuneifolii (L. H. Bailey) L. H. Bailey, likely because of the whitish hairs on the abaxial leaf surface.</p><!--
--><p>The use of the name <i>Rubus pascuus</i> here is tentative; it is the best fit to the material observed. This treatment follows H. A. Davis (1990) for the choice of the name to use and its associated synonymy.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Rubus pascuus
|author=
|authority=L. H. Bailey
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering (Apr–)May–Jun.
|habitat=Woodland edges, swamp margins, dry thickets, open and often disturbed areas, roadsides
|elevation=0–300(–700) m
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Del.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Md.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.C.;Okla.;Pa.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Gentes Herb.
|publication year=1943
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_67.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Rubeae
|genus=Rubus
|species=Rubus pascuus
}}<!--

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