View source for Modiola caroliniana

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Modiola caroliniana
|accepted_authority=(Linnaeus) G. Don
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Hist.
|place=1: 466. 1831
|year=1831
}}
|common_names=Carolina bristlemallow
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Malva caroliniana
|authority=Linnaeus
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=2: 688. 1753
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Modiola prostrata
|authority=(Cavanilles) A. St.-Hilaire
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. reptans
|authority=A. St.-Hilaire
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=M. urticifolia
|authority=(Kunth) G. Don
}}
|hierarchy=Malvaceae;Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae;Modiola;Modiola caroliniana
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Malvaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Modiola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Modiola caroliniana]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 304
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems:</b> flowering apices often ascending, branched, usually 0.2–0.5 m, often rooting at nodes. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules 3–4 × 1.5–3 mm; petiole length 1–2 times blade; blade 1.5–4 × 1.5–4 cm. <b>Pedicels</b> usually shorter than subtending petioles, hairy; involucellar bractlets lanceolate, 4–5 mm. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx 5–7 mm, hairy, hairs simple, 1–2 mm; corolla erect, 6–8 mm; staminal column yellowish; anthers crowded at apex; stigmas equaling number of locules. <b>Mericarps</b> drying black, 5–6 mm, apical spines 1.5–3 mm. <b>Seeds</b> 1.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Disturbed, usually moist habitats, shores of ponds and reservoirs, low sandy areas, lawns, roadsides
|elevation=0–400 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ky.;La.;Mass.;Miss.;N.C.;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;South America;introduced also in Mexico;Central America;Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|discussion=<p><i>Modiola caroliniana</i> is somewhat weedy but not a serious agricultural weed. It has been reported in Delaware, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania as a waif but doubtfully persists that far north. It is well established in the southeastern United States and is rather common as a lawn weed in some locations and as a garden weed in California. It probably came from southern South America in wool or cotton. Its closest relative, Modiolastrum K. Schumann, is known from southern South America.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Modiola caroliniana
|author=
|authority=(Linnaeus) G. Don
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Modiola prostrata;M. reptans;M. urticifolia
|basionyms=Malva caroliniana
|family=Malvaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Nov.
|habitat=Disturbed, usually moist habitats, shores of ponds and reservoirs, low sandy areas, lawns, roadsides
|elevation=0–400 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Del.;Fla.;Ga.;Ky.;La.;Mass.;Miss.;N.C.;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;S.C.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;South America;introduced also in Mexico;Central America;Pacific Islands (Hawaii).
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Gen. Hist.
|publication year=1831
|special status=Selected by author to be illustrated;Introduced;Weedy
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_552.xml
|subfamily=Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae
|genus=Modiola
|species=Modiola caroliniana
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Modiola]]