View source for Viola subsinuata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Viola subsinuata
|accepted_authority=(Greene) Greene
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pittonia
|place=4: 4. 1899
|year=1899
}}
|common_names=Wood violet
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Viola emarginata var. subsinuata
|authority=Greene
|publication_title=Pittonia
|publication_place=3: 313. 1898
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. palmata var. angelliae
|authority=(Pollard) W. Stone
}}
|hierarchy=Violaceae;Viola;Viola subsinuata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Violaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Viola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Viola subsinuata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 112, 115, 142
|treatment_page=page 159
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 10–30 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. <b>Leaves</b> basal, 2–11, ascending to erect; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 5–25 cm, glabrous or pubescent; mid-season leaf blades incised or lobed throughout, earliest leaf blades lobed (plants homophyllous), similar to mid-season blades, blade 5–9(–16)-lobed, sinuses usually narrower, shallower toward leaf base, middle and lateral blade lobes differ in width and/or shape, middle lobes narrowly deltate to narrowly elliptic, lateral lobes narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, or falcate, 1–11 × 1–12 cm, base truncate to cordate, margins entire or crenate, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces usually pubescent throughout or on veins. <b>Peduncles</b> 5–15 cm, glabrous or pubescent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to dark blue-violet on both surfaces, lower 3 and upper 2 sometimes purple-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest sometimes bearded, 15–25 mm, spur color same as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on prostrate to ascending peduncles. <b>Capsules</b> ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> beige, mottled to bronze, 1.5–2.5 mm. <b>2n</b> = 54.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun.
|habitat=Rich woods
|elevation=100–3000 m
|distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ky.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>L. E. McKinney (1992) described the misconceptions surrounding <i>Viola subsinuata</i> that many came to think of as the heterophyllous <i>V. palmata</i>, whereas <i>V. subsinuata</i> is homophyllous. As E. Brainerd (1910, 1921) pointed out, heterophylly versus homophylly is an important and steadfast character difference in acaulescent <i>Viola</i> species. N. L. Gil-Ad (1997) chose not to recognize <i>V. subsinuata</i>, suggesting that it represented a hybrid or introgressant. H. E. Ballard (2000) and A. Haines (2011) both recognized <i>V. subsinuata</i> as a species.</p><!--
--><p><i>Viola subsinuata</i> is a state historical species in Rhode Island, where it was last documented in 1941 (R. W. Enser, http://rinhs.org/wp-content/uploads/ri_rare_plants_2007.pdf).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Viola subsinuata
|author=
|authority=(Greene) Greene
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=V. palmata var. angelliae
|basionyms=Viola emarginata var. subsinuata
|family=Violaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun.
|habitat=Rich woods
|elevation=100–3000 m
|distribution=Ont.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ky.;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Pittonia
|publication year=1899
|special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_286.xml
|genus=Viola
|species=Viola subsinuata
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Viola]]