View source for Viola renifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Viola renifolia
|accepted_authority=A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|place=8: 288. 1870
|year=1870
}}
|common_names=Kidney-leaved or kidney-shaped or white violet;violette réniforme
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Viola blanda var. renifolia
|authority=(A. Gray) A. Gray
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. brainerdii
|authority=Greene
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. mistassinica
|authority=Greene
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=V. renifolia var. brainerdii
|authority=(Greene) Fernald
}}
|hierarchy=Violaceae;Viola;Viola renifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Violaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Viola]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Viola renifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 6
|mention_page=page 115, 124, 130, 138, 154
|treatment_page=page 153
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–30 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. <b>Leaves</b> basal, 1–5, prostrate to ascending; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire to sparsely laciniate, apex acute; petiole 3–10 cm, strigose, sericeous, or villous, occasionally glabrous; blade unlobed, reniform or ovate to broadly ovate or orbiculate, 1.5–3.5 × 2–5 cm, base cordate to broadly cordate, margins serrate-crenate, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, occasionally acuminate, surfaces usually sparsely to densely strigose, sericeous, or villous throughout or along veins, sometimes glabrous. <b>Peduncles</b> 3–8 cm, puberulent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins usually eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals white on both surfaces, lower 3 purple-veined, all beardless or lower 3 sparsely bearded, lowest 8–10 mm, spur white, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on prostrate to ascending peduncles. <b>Capsules</b> ovoid to ellipsoid, 5–8 mm, glabrous. <b>Seeds</b> mottled beige to bronze, 1.5–2.2 mm. <b>2n</b> = 24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun.
|habitat=Moist, often shaded alluvial or upland forests, shrub thickets, stream banks, swamp forests, bogs, fens
|elevation=200–3000 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.Y.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.
|discussion=<p>Nonflowering plants of <i>Viola renifolia</i> and <i>V. epipsila</i> appear similar. The abaxial leaf surfaces of <i>V. renifolia</i> usually have a few short, straight hairs on the main veins; leaves of <i>V. epipsila</i> are usually glabrous (C. Parker, pers. comm.). <i>Viola renifolia</i> can appear similar to <i>V. macloskeyi</i>. V. B. Baird (1942) wrote that <i>V. renifolia</i> sometimes produces ascending stems. H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist (1991) noted that if stolons were present, they were short and racemelike with cleistogamous flowers. The ascending stems and stolons mentioned by these authors may or may not be different phases of the same structure.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Viola renifolia
|author=
|authority=A. Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Viola blanda var. renifolia;V. brainerdii;V. mistassinica;V. renifolia var. brainerdii
|basionyms=
|family=Violaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun.
|habitat=Moist, often shaded alluvial or upland forests, shrub thickets, stream banks, swamp forests, bogs, fens
|elevation=200–3000 m
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.W.T.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Conn.;Idaho;Iowa;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.H.;N.Y.;Pa.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.
|reference=None
|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|publication year=1870
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V6/V6_273.xml
|genus=Viola
|species=Viola renifolia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Viola]]