View source for Sclerocactus papyracanthus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sclerocactus papyracanthus
|accepted_authority=(Engelmann) N. P. Taylor
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bradleya
|place=5: 94. 1987
|year=1987
}}
|common_names=Grama-grass cactus;paper-spined cactus;toumeya
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Mammillaria papyracantha
|authority=Engelmann
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pediocactus papyracanthus
|authority=(Engelmann) L. D. Benson
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Toumeya papyracantha
|authority=(Engelmann) Britton & Rose
}}
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Sclerocactus;Sclerocactus papyracanthus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sclerocactus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Sclerocactus papyracanthus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 197, 198, 203, 206, 207
|treatment_page=page 205
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem architecture;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem atypical length;stem length;stem width"><b>Stems </b>unbranched, cylindric or obconic cylindric, 2–7.5 (–8) × 1.2–2.5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rib prominence;tubercle prominence">ribs not evident, tubercles prominent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="spine density"><b>Spines </b>dense, obscuring stems;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="spine arrangement;spine count;spine coloration;spine course;spine prominence or shape;spine atypical length;spine length;spine width">radial spines 5–10 per areole, white, straight, flat, (2–) 3–5 × 0.3–0.6 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="central spine atypical count;central spine count">central spines 1 (–4) per areole;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="abaxial central spine count;abaxial central spine coloration;abaxial central spine coloration;abaxial central spine coloration;abaxial central spine coloration;abaxial central spine course;abaxial central spine shape;abaxial central spine architecture;abaxial central spine course;abaxial central spine prominence or shape;abaxial central spine fragility;abaxial central spine texture;abaxial central spine orientation;adaxial midrib prominence">abaxial central spine 1 per areole, whitish to tan or gray, straight, wavy, twisting, or curling, flat, flexible, papery, with obscure adaxial midrib, sometimes pointing upward and obscuring apex of plant, lacking hook, 15–45 (–50) × 1–1.5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="hook count;hook atypical length;hook length;hook width;central spine atypical count;central spine count;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine coloration;central spine atypical length;central spine length;central spine width">lateral or adaxial central spines 0 (–3) per areole, white to tan, (3–) 20–40 × 0.5–1 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower shape;flower shape;flower shape;flower length;flower width"><b>Flowers </b>funnelform to narrowly campanulate, 2–2.5 × 1–2.5 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal shape;outer tepal length;outer tepal width;outer tepal shape;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration;midstripe coloration">outer tepals with green-purple to redbrown midstripes and cream to white margins, cuneate-spatulate, usually 9–20 × 1–3 mm, finely toothed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="inner tepal coloration;midstripe coloration;largest tepal shape;largest tepal length;largest tepal width;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">inner tepals white with brown midstripes, largest tepals oblanceolate, 15–20 × 3.5–4.5 mm, apex acute to mucronate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="filament coloration;filament coloration;filament coloration">filaments white to greenish yellow;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="anther coloration;anther coloration;anther coloration">anthers cream to pale-yellow.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="fruit dehiscence;fruit dehiscence;fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width;fruit condition or texture"><b>Fruits </b>indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent, green, subspheric, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, dry at maturity;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="scale count">scales few or none.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed coloration;seed length;seed width;seed reflectance"><b>Seeds </b>black, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="papilla width;papilla shape">testa with fine, rounded papillae.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Desert grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, Chihuahuan desert scrub
|elevation=1500-2200 m
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.
|discussion=<p>With long, flexuous, flattened spines and pale flowers, Sclerocactus papyracanthus is surprisingly cryptic in the field. There has been a long debate concerning its taxonomic placement. Chloroplast DNA analyses of J. M. Porter et al. (2000) unambiguously placed this species within Sclerocactus, a position first suggested based on morphologic evidence (K. D. Heil et al. 1981; C. Glass and R. A. Foster 1984).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sclerocactus papyracanthus
|author=
|authority=(Engelmann) N. P. Taylor
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Pediocactus papyracanthus;Toumeya papyracantha
|basionyms=Mammillaria papyracantha
|family=Cactaceae
|habitat=Desert grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, Chihuahuan desert scrub
|elevation=1500-2200 m
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bradleya
|publication year=1987
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_386.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
|genus=Sclerocactus
|species=Sclerocactus papyracanthus
|abaxial central spine architecture=twisting
|abaxial central spine coloration=whitish;tan or gray
|abaxial central spine count=1
|abaxial central spine course=curling;straight
|abaxial central spine fragility=flexible
|abaxial central spine orientation=pointing
|abaxial central spine prominence or shape=flat
|abaxial central spine shape=wavy
|abaxial central spine texture=papery
|adaxial midrib prominence=obscure
|anther coloration=cream;pale-yellow
|apex shape=acute;mucronate
|central spine atypical count=0;3
|central spine atypical length=3mm;20mm
|central spine coloration=white;tan
|central spine count=0;1
|central spine length=20mm;40mm
|central spine width=0.5mm;1mm
|filament coloration=white;greenish yellow
|flower length=2cm;2.5cm
|flower shape=funnelform;narrowly campanulate
|flower width=1cm;2.5cm
|fruit coloration=green
|fruit condition or texture=dry
|fruit dehiscence=dehiscent;indehiscent
|fruit length=4mm;6mm
|fruit shape=subspheric
|fruit width=3mm;5mm
|hook atypical length=45mm;50mm
|hook count=lacking
|hook length=15mm;45mm
|hook width=1mm;1.5mm
|inner tepal coloration=white
|largest tepal length=15mm;20mm
|largest tepal shape=oblanceolate
|largest tepal width=3.5mm;4.5mm
|midstripe coloration=brown;green-purple;redbrown
|outer tepal coloration=cream;white
|outer tepal length=9mm;20mm
|outer tepal shape=toothed;cuneate-spatulate
|outer tepal width=1mm;3mm
|papilla shape=rounded
|papilla width=fine
|rib prominence=not evident
|scale count=few
|seed coloration=black
|seed length=2.5mm;3mm
|seed reflectance=shiny
|seed width=2mm;2.5mm
|spine arrangement=radial
|spine atypical length=2mm;3mm
|spine coloration=white
|spine count=5;10
|spine course=straight
|spine density=dense
|spine length=3mm;5mm
|spine prominence or shape=flat
|spine width=0.3mm;0.6mm
|stem architecture=unbranched
|stem atypical length=7.5cm;8cm
|stem length=2cm;7.5cm
|stem shape=cylindric;obconic;cylindric
|stem width=1.2cm;2.5cm
|tubercle prominence=prominent
}}<!--

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