View source for Amaranthus dubius

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Amaranthus dubius
|accepted_authority=Martius ex Thellung
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Adv. Montpellier
|place=38: 203. 1912
|year=1912
}}
|common_names=Spleen amaranth
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Amaranthaceae;Amaranthus;Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus;Amaranthus dubius
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Amaranthaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Amaranthus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Amaranthus dubius]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 415, 426
|treatment_page=page 425
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>glabrous or sparsely pubescent in distal parts. <b>Stems</b> erect, green, branched, 0.3–1 m. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole of proximal leaves equaling or longer than blade, becoming shorter distally; blade rhombic-ovate or ovate to elliptic, 3–12 × 2–8 cm, base broadly cuneate, margins entire, apex slightly acuminate to obtuse and faintly emarginate, mucronate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal panicles and axillary spikes; panicles erect or often drooping, green, dense, branched, leafless at least distally. <b>Bracts</b> lanceolate, shorter than 2 mm, shorter than tepals, apex spinescent. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: tepals 5, oblong-spatulate to oblong, not clawed, 1.5–2 mm, apex acute, often very shortly mucronate; style branches strongly spreading, shorter than body of fruit; stigmas 3. <b>Staminate</b> flowers usually clustered at tips of inflorescence branches, sometimes gathered in proximal glomerules (as in <i>A. spinosus</i>); tepals 5, equal or subequal; stamens 5. <b>Utricles</b> ovoid or subglobose, 1.5–2 mm, slightly shorter than tepals, smooth to irregularly wrinkled, dehiscence regularly circumscissile. <b>Seeds</b> dark reddish brown to black, subglobose or lenticular, 0.8–1 mm diam., shiny, smooth. <b>2n</b> = 64.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall in tropics, various seasons in subtropics.
|habitat=Waste places, disturbed habitats
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Fla.;West Indies;South America;introduced and locally naturalized Europe;Asia;Africa.
|discussion=<p><i>Amaranthus dubius</i>, a morphologically deviant allopolyploid, is very close genetically to both <i>A. spinosus</i> (sect. Centrusa) and members of sect. <i>Amaranthus</i>. This species most probably originated as a result of ancient hybridization between <i>A. spinosus</i> and either <i>A. hybridus</i> or A. quitensis (W. F. Grant 1959; T. N. Khoshoo and M. Pal 1972; M. Pal and T. N. Khoshoo 1965; J. D. Sauer 1967b; V. Srivastava et al. 1977). <i>Amaranthus</i> nothosect. Dubia Mosyakin & K. R. Robertson (A. sect. <i>Amaranthus</i> × A. sect. Centrusa), was proposed to accommodate <i>A. dubius</i> (S. L. Mosyakin and K. R. Robertson 1996).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Amaranthus dubius
|author=
|authority=Martius ex Thellung
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Amaranthaceae
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall in tropics, various seasons in subtropics.
|habitat=Waste places, disturbed habitats
|elevation=0-100 m
|distribution=Fla.;West Indies;South America;introduced and locally naturalized Europe;Asia;Africa.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Adv. Montpellier
|publication year=1912
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_831.xml
|genus=Amaranthus
|subgenus=Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus
|species=Amaranthus dubius
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus]]