View source for Echinocereus viridiflorus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Echinocereus viridiflorus
|accepted_authority=Engelmann in F. A. Wislizenus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in F. A. Wislizenus, Mem. Tour N. Mexico,
|place=91. 1848
|year=1848
}}
|common_names=Small-flowered h edgehog cactus;nylon hedgehog cactus
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus chloranthus
|authority=(Engelmann) Haage
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus chloranthus var. cylindricus
|authority=(Engelmann) N. P. Taylor
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus chloranthus var. neocapillus
|authority=D. Weniger
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus
|authority=(Engelmann) Rümpler
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus viridiflorus var. rhyolithensis
|authority=W. Blume & Mich. Lange
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Echinocereus russanthus
|authority=unknown
}}
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Echinocereus;Echinocereus viridiflorus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Echinocereus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Echinocereus viridiflorus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 171
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>unbranched or few branched (rarely forming clumps of 12+ branches). <b>Stems</b> erect, spheric to short cylindric, (3–)8–30(–35) × 2.8–9 cm; ribs 10–20, crests prominent, slightly to conspicuously undulate; areoles 3–12 mm apart. <b>Spines</b> (13–)18–30(–55) per areole, stiff (flexible) and straight (or slightly curved), sometimes pectinately arranged, red-and-white, red-and-yellow, yellow-and-white, whitish, yellowish, or purplish, tips often darker; radial spines 12–38(–45) per areole, appressed to spreading, (2–)4–18 mm; central spines 0–17 per areole, spreading to projecting, terete (subulate), 3–5–40 mm. <b>Flowers</b> 2–3.5 × (1–)1.5–3 cm; flower tube (4–)5–12 × 5–15 mm; flower tube hairs 1–2 mm; inner tepals shades of yellow or brown, frequently tending towards yellowish green or brick red (rarely carmine in Davis Mountains populations), often with darker purplish maroon midstripes, 10–25 × 2–4 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber 1–2[–3] mm. <b>Fruits</b> yellowish green to dark green, dark purple, or reddish tinged, 6–17 mm, pulp white. <b>2n</b> = 22.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jun; fruiting 2 months after flowering.
|habitat=Chihuahuan Desert, desert scrub, semidesert grasslands, short-grass prairies, oak woodlands, on igneous or novaculite substrates, gravelly or silty alluvium, rarely on limestone
|elevation=700-2700 m
|distribution=Colo.;Kans.;Nebr.;N.Mex.;Okla.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Wyo.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Coahuila).
|discussion=<p>A large number of infraspecific taxa have been recognized within <i>Echinocereus viridiflorus</i>, differing in various combinations of flower color, spine color, number and thickness of central spines, and other characters, including floral scent. Populations of <i>E. viridiflorus</i> with the most numerous central spines (five or more per areole), giving the plants a bristly appearance, are often considered a separate species, E. chloranthus. Wherever such taxa are sympatric they intergrade; all are freely interfertile in the greenhouse.</p><!--
--><p>The common morphotype at middle altitudes in Texas and southeastern New Mexico has 0–2(–3) central spines and is called either <i>Echinocereus viridiflorus</i> <i></i></i>var.<i><i> cylindricus</i> (Engelmann) Rümpler or E. chloranthus <i></i></i>var.<i><i> cylindricus</i> (Engelmann) N. P. Taylor. Typical <i>E. viridiflorus</i> (var. viridiflorus), with small stems and relatively pure yellow flowers, extends from central New Mexico and the Texas Panhandle to South Dakota. One of the segregate taxa, <i>Echinocereus</i> chloranthus var. neocapillus D. Weniger, is remarkable for its softly hairy, not sharply spiny, seedlings. Populations of <i>E. viridiflorus</i> from Big Bend National Park, usually with reddish or russet flowers, have been named E. russanthus D. Weniger. Yellow-spined plants may occur at high altitudes. A poorly defined, yellow-spined population near Marathon, Texas, has been named E. viridflorus var. correllii L. D. Benson. Bristly red-spined plants from New Mexico have recently been segregated as E. chloranthus subsp. rhyolithensis W. Blum & Mich. Lange.</p><!--
--><p><i>Echinocereus viridiflorus</i> in the broad sense may prove paraphyletic with respect to <i>E. davisii</i>, but they are phenologically isolated, with <i>E. davisii</i> flowering earlier and thus appearing reproductively isolated in the wild.</p>
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|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Echinocereus viridiflorus
|author=
|authority=Engelmann in F. A. Wislizenus
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Echinocereus chloranthus;Echinocereus chloranthus var. cylindricus;Echinocereus chloranthus var. neocapillus;Echinocereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus;Echinocereus viridiflorus var. rhyolithensis;Echinocereus russanthus
|basionyms=
|family=Cactaceae
|phenology=Flowering Mar–Jun; fruiting 2 months after flowering.
|habitat=Chihuahuan Desert, desert scrub, semidesert grasslands, short-grass prairies, oak woodlands, on igneous or novaculite substrates, gravelly or silty alluvium, rarely on limestone
|elevation=700-2700 m
|distribution=Colo.;Kans.;Nebr.;N.Mex.;Okla.;S.Dak.;Tex.;Wyo.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Coahuila).
|reference=None
|publication title=in F. A. Wislizenus, Mem. Tour N. Mexico,
|publication year=1848
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_324.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
|genus=Echinocereus
|species=Echinocereus viridiflorus
}}<!--

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