View source for Leucojum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Leucojum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 289. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 140. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Snowflake;nivéole
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Leucojum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Leucojum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek leukos, white, and ion, violet, alluding to the color and scent of the flowers
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 55, 280
|treatment_page=page 293
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, scapose, from brown, globose to ovoid, tunicate bulb. <b>Leaves</b> several; blade linear-ligulate, base sheathing. <b>Scape</b> stout, hollow [slender, solid]. <b>Inflorescences</b> umbellate, 2–5(–7)-flowered, spathaceous; spathe bracts 2, free or entirely adnate on 1 side, appearing monophyllous. <b>Flowers</b> nodding; perianth campanulate; tepals 6, distinct, oblanceolate to ovate, equal; stamens 6, distinct; anthers basifixed, conic, longer than filaments, blunt apically, dehiscing by terminal pores; ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, globose, septal nectaries present; style filiform or clavate, exceeding anthers; stigma minutely capitate. <b>Fruits</b> capsular, erect, pyriform to subglobose, dehiscence loculicidal; pericarp somewhat fleshy. <b>Seeds</b> numerous, black, appendages absent. <b>x</b> = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=c;sw Europe;nw Africa;and sw Asia (Armenia;Crimea);introduced elsewhere.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 10 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Several species of <i>Leucojum</i> are cultivated for their flowers. Although other species such as L. autumnale Linnaeus (autumn snowflake) and L. vernum Linnaeus (spring snowflake) may persist in old gardens, only the commonly cultivated <i>L. aestivum</i> (summer snowflake) is known definitely to be naturalized in the flora. There are unconfirmed reports that L. vernum is naturalized in the panhandle area of Florida.</p><!--
--><p><i>Leucojum</i> is sometimes confused with <i>Galanthus</i>, a spring-flowering, Eurasian relative, but it differs in that <i>Leucojum</i> has perianth segments that are all equal in size, and hollow stems that are usually taller and bear 2–5 flowers. In the southern states, the common name snowdrop, which usually refers to <i>Galanthus</i> species, is applied to <i>Leucojum</i>.</p><!--
--><p>Leaves and bulbs of <i>Leucojum</i> contain the alkaloids lycorine and galanthamine, and are poisonous.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=crespo1996a
|text=Crespo, M. B. M., D. Lledo, M. F. Fay, and M. W. Chase. 1996. Molecular phylogeny of Leucojum based on ITS sequences. [Abstract.] Amer. J. Bot. 83(6, suppl.): 149.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=stern1956a
|text=Stern, F. C. 1956. Snowdrops and Snowflakes—A Study of the Genera Galanthus and Leucojum. London.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Leucojum
|author=Gerald B. Straley†;Frederick H. Utech
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|distribution=c;sw Europe;nw Africa;and sw Asia (Armenia;Crimea);introduced elsewhere.
|introduced=true
|reference=crespo1996a;stern1956a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_564.xml
|genus=Leucojum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Liliaceae]]