View source for Eleocharis parvula

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Eleocharis parvula
|accepted_authority=(Roemer & Schultes) Link ex Bluff Nees
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Comp. Fl. German. ed.
|place=2, 1: 93. 1836
|year=1836
}}
|common_names=Small spike-rush;éléocharide naine
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Scirpus parvulus
|authority=Roemer & Schultes
|publication_title=in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg.
|publication_place=2: 124. 1817
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Eleocharis pygmaea
|authority=Torrey
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=S. nanus
|authority=Sprengel
}}
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Eleocharis;Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis;Eleocharis sect. Parvulae;Eleocharis parvula
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Eleocharis sect. Parvulae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Eleocharis parvula]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 69, 105, 107, 109
|treatment_page=page 106
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Tubers </b>terminating rhizomes usually markedly J- or horseshoe-shaped, body (apart from apical bud) oblong, 2–2.5(–5) × 0.5–1 mm; tubers among culm bases straight, narrowly fusiform, 4–5 mm. <b>Spikelets</b> 2–4 × 1–2 mm, sometimes absent in deeper water; proximal scale 1/2 or more of spikelet length; floral scales 6–10 per spikelet, 1.4–2.7 mm, commonly entirely stramineous, apex rounded to subacute. <b>Flowers</b>: perianth bristles 6, stramineous, fairly stout to slender, usually equaling achene to slightly exceeding tubercle, sometimes unequal and some 1/2 of achene, very rarely rudimentary, minutely retrorsely spinulose; anthers 0.7–1.2 mm. <b>Achenes</b> stramineous, sometimes pale brown, obovoid to obpyriform, thickly trigonous, angles distinct, faces concave to plane, rarely convex, 0.9–1.2 × 0.55–0.75 mm, apex tapered, smooth or faintly rough at 30X. <b>Tubercles</b> 0.1–0.2 × 0.15 mm. <b>2n</b> = 10 (Europe).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting summer–fall (north) or late winter–fall (far south).
|habitat=Brackish or saline, mostly coastal tidal marshes, shores, mud flats, swamps, ponds, ditches
|elevation=0–600 m
|distribution=B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;S.C.;Va.;Wash.;Mexico;Central America (Nicaragua);Eurasia.
|discussion=<p>Plants without well-developed bristles are otherwise typical <i>Eleocharis parvula</i>. S.-O. Strandhede and R. M. T. Dahlgren (1968) provided a detailed description from Scandinavia; the mostly curved tubers of North American plants are differently shaped than the ovoid, mostly nearly straight tubers illustrated by them. <i>Eleocharis parvula</i> is very uncommon inland. Plants lacking spikelets and having rather broad culms with evident aerenchyma (<i>E. parvula</i> forma spongiosa Fassett) that are submerged in tidal zones closely resemble small plants of <i>Sagittaria graminea</i>. <i>Eleocharis parvula</i> has also been reported from North Dakota, South America, and Africa; I have not seen specimens. Plants without achenes or tubers cannot be reliably identified to species. Literature reports from Cuba, Mexico, and Venezuela may be based on specimens of <i>E. coloradoensis</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Eleocharis parvula
|author=
|authority=(Roemer & Schultes) Link ex Bluff Nees
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Eleocharis pygmaea;S. nanus
|basionyms=Scirpus parvulus
|family=Cyperaceae
|phenology=Fruiting summer–fall (north) or late winter–fall (far south).
|habitat=Brackish or saline, mostly coastal tidal marshes, shores, mud flats, swamps, ponds, ditches
|elevation=0–600 m
|distribution=B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Que.;Ala.;Ark.;Calif.;Conn.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;La.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Miss.;Mo.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;S.C.;Va.;Wash.;Mexico;Central America (Nicaragua);Eurasia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Comp. Fl. German. ed.
|publication year=1836
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_161.xml
|genus=Eleocharis
|subgenus=Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis
|section=Eleocharis sect. Parvulae
|species=Eleocharis parvula
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Eleocharis sect. Parvulae]]