View source for Carex pedunculata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Carex pedunculata
|accepted_authority=Muhlenberg ex Willdenow
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=4(1): 222. 1805
|year=1805
}}
|common_names=pedunculate sedge;long-stalked sedge;carex pédonculé
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Carex;Carex sect. Clandestinae;Carex pedunculata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Carex]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Carex sect. Clandestinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Carex pedunculata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 545, 546
|treatment_page=page 547
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>cespitose, stout-rhizomatous. <b>Culms</b> 8.8–28 cm. <b>Leaves</b>: basal sheaths dark reddish to purplish brown; blades mostly basal, dark green, equaling or mostly exceeding culms, 1.4–4 mm wide, thick, margins smooth or scabrous. <b>Inflorescences</b>: peduncles of basal pistillate spikes filiform, arching, to 13 cm; peduncles of terminal staminate spikes 2–6 cm; proximal bracts short-sheathing; pistillate spikes 2–5, mostly emerging from basal nodes, proximal spikes arching, distal ones ascending, short-pedunclulate, widely separated, often with 1–2 staminate flowers at apex, obovoid to ellipsoid; terminal staminate spikes usually with 2–5 pistillate flowers at base, 7.5–9.8 × 1.8–2.3 mm. <b>Scales</b>: pistillate scales pale brown to reddish brown, ovate to obovate, apex retuse or truncate to obtuse, cuspidate; staminate scales dark reddish brown, ovate, apex cuspidate. <b>Anthers</b> 2–3.6 mm. <b>Perigynia</b> obovoid to oblanceoloid, 3.7–6 × 1.4–1.7 mm, base tapering, pubescent with short straight hairs; beak bent, 0.2–0.4 mm. <b>Stigmas</b> 3, thin, flexuous, strongly papillose. <b>Achenes</b> ellipsoid, 2.5 × 1.5–1.6 mm. <b>2n</b> = 26.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting spring–summer (mid Apr–early Jul).
|habitat=Moist to dry mixed forests and woodland openings, on basic and acidic substrates
|elevation=0–800 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;e Asia.
|discussion=<p><i>Carex pedunculata</i> is one of the early-flowering woodland sedges. Its achenes are subtended by elaiosomes, which facilitate dispersal by serving as attractants and food sources for ants (S. Handel 1976). This species has been characterized as a “fugitive species,” colonizing openings in woodlands, and decreasing in abundance as other woodland species begin to compete with it.</p><!--
--><p><i>Carex pedunculata</i> exhibits the classical eastern North Americaneastern Asian disjunct distribution pattern (P. W. Ball 1990). The Korean counterpart is known as var. erythrobasis (H. Léveillé & Vaniot) T. Koyama.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=handel1976a
|text=Handel, S. 1976. Dispersal ecology of Carex pedunculata (Cyperaceae), a new North American myrmecochore. Amer. J. Bot. 63: 1071–1079.
}}
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Carex pedunculata
|author=
|authority=Muhlenberg ex Willdenow
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Cyperaceae
|phenology=Fruiting spring–summer (mid Apr–early Jul).
|habitat=Moist to dry mixed forests and woodland openings, on basic and acidic substrates
|elevation=0–800 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.;e Asia.
|reference=handel1976a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1805
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_1035.xml
|genus=Carex
|section=Carex sect. Clandestinae
|species=Carex pedunculata
}}<!--

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