View source for Striga gesnerioides

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Striga gesnerioides
|accepted_authority=(Willdenow) Vatke
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Oesterr. Bot. Z.
|place=25: 11. 1875
|year=1875
}}
|common_names=Cowpea or tobacco witchweed
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Buchnera gesnerioides
|authority=Willdenow
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=3: 338. 1800
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orobanchaceae;Striga;Striga gesnerioides
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orobanchaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Striga]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Striga gesnerioides]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 457, 508, 510
|treatment_page=page 509
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>15–30 cm; holoparasitic. <b>Taproots</b> stout, fleshy; secondary roots absent; haustoria single, large, globular. <b>Flowering</b> stems drying black or brown, simple or branched from base, obtusely square or terete, fleshy, puberulent, pilose, or glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: blade opposite, appressed, lanceolate, scalelike, 3–7 x 2 mm, surfaces puberulent. <b>Inflorescences</b> spikes, lax, sometimes congested; flowers opposite, rarely alternate; bracts lanceolate, 5–7 x 1–2 mm, shorter than calyx, surfaces glabrous or puberulent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 5, 4–7 mm; calyx: tube 3–5 mm, ribs 5, scarious between ribs, teeth 5, unequal, subulate, 1–2 mm, adaxial shorter; corolla brownish red or purple, rarely white, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, tube bent, dilated distally above calyx, 8–12 mm, abaxial lobes 6 mm wide, adaxial 3–4 mm wide; style 5 mm, curved out, glabrous. <b>Capsules</b> oblong or ovoid, 4–5 x 2–3 mm. <b>2n</b> = 40 (Nigeria).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Aug–Oct.
|habitat=heavily disturbed phosphate mines, mine reclamation sites.
|elevation=0–50 m.
|distribution=Fla.;Asia (Arabian Peninsula);Africa.
|discussion=<p>Worldwide, host-specific strains of <i>Striga gesnerioides</i> occur on Lepidagathis Willdenow (Acanthaceae), Ipomoea and Merremia (Convolvulaceae), <i>Euphorbia</i> (Euphorbiaceae), Indigofera, Tephrosia, and Vigna (Fabaceae), and Nicotiana (Solanaceae) (K. I. Mohamed et al. 2001); some of these may be potential hosts for this species in the flora area.</p><!--
--><p><i>Striga gesnerioides</i> was discovered in Florida in 1979 as a parasite on Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo), an African species planted for phosphate mine reclamation. Alysicarpus ovalifolius (alyce clover) is also attacked in the field but with much less frequency (L. Herbaugh et al. 1980; L. J. Musselman et al. 1980). <i>Striga gesnerioides</i> is known from Citrus, Hillsborough, Lake, Orange, Polk, Seminole, and Volusia counties (http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/). Greenhouse experiments conducted in Florida on over 125 known potential hosts of <i>S. gesnerioides</i> (Herbaugh et al.) showed that it poses little threat to American agriculture (Musselman et al.). In addition to hairy indigo and alyce clover, the only other hosts reported in the Florida study were Jacquemontia tamnifolia, <i>Helianthus annuus</i> (sunflower), and Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) (Herbaugh et al.). In an experiment conducted by Musselman and C. Parker (1981) on more than 30 potential hosts, the American strain of <i>S. gesnerioides</i> failed to grow on any of them except hairy indigo, showing the strict specificity of this strain.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Striga gesnerioides
|author=
|authority=(Willdenow) Vatke
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Buchnera gesnerioides
|family=Orobanchaceae
|phenology=Flowering Aug–Oct.
|habitat=heavily disturbed phosphate mines, mine reclamation sites.
|elevation=0–50 m.
|distribution=Fla.;Asia (Arabian Peninsula);Africa.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Oesterr. Bot. Z.
|publication year=1875
|special status=Weedy;Introduced;Selected by author to be illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_880.xml
|genus=Striga
|species=Striga gesnerioides
}}<!--

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