View source for Melampyrum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Melampyrum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 605. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Cow-wheat
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orobanchaceae;Melampyrum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orobanchaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Melampyrum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek melam- (combining form of melas before b and p), black, and pyros, wheat, alluding to color of seeds
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 458
|treatment_page=page 502
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual; hemiparasitic. <b>Stems</b> erect, not fleshy, puberulent. <b>Leaves</b> cauline, +/- decussate; petiole absent or minute; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire, sometimes margins of distal leaves proximally toothed. <b>Inflorescences</b> axillary, flowers 2 per axil; bracts present. <b>Pedicels</b> absent or minute; bracteoles absent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 4, calyx bilaterally symmetric, campanulate, lobes subulate; petals 5, corolla white, sometimes tinged with pink, strongly bilabiate, scarcely curved, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma +/- capitate. <b>Capsules</b>: dehiscence loculicidal. <b>Seeds</b> 1–4, tan drying black, ellipsoid, wings absent. <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Eurasia.
|discussion=<p>Species 20–35 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Melampyrum</i> occupies a broad range of habitats and infects a taxonomically and ecologically diverse range of hosts. No recent comprehensive taxonomic treatment of <i>Melampyrum</i> exists. Species number estimates range from 20 (K. J. Kim and S. M. Yun 2012) to 35 (E. Fischer 2004). A molecular phylogenetic study of the Rhinantheae (in the sense of Fisher) supports the monophyly of <i>Melampyrum</i>, placing it sister to the remaining Rhinantheae (J. Těšitel et al. 2010). <i>Melampyrum</i> is unusual in Orobanchaceae in that the seeds are relatively large and few per capsule. The seeds bear an elaiosome that has been linked to dispersal by ants (W. Gibson 1993).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Melampyrum
|author=Christopher P. Randle
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Orobanchaceae
|distribution=North America;Eurasia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_865.xml
|genus=Melampyrum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Orobanchaceae]]