View source for Euphorbia humistrata

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia humistrata
|accepted_authority=Engelmann in A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Manual ed.
|place=2, 386. 1856
|year=1856
}}
|common_names=Spreading sandmat
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chamaesyce humistrata
|authority=(Engelmann ex A. Gray) Small
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum;Euphorbia humistrata
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia humistrata]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 253, 276
|treatment_page=page 272
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual, with taproot. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to ascending, usually mat-forming and rooting at nodes, 5–45 cm, sparsely to moderately villous to pilose (densely on young growth). <b>Leaves</b> opposite; stipules distinct, linear-subulate, often irregularly 2- or 3-lobed, 1–1.3 mm, sparsely villous to pilose; petiole 0.5–1.5 mm, sparsely to moderately villous to pilose; blade oblong-ovate to ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4–18 × 2.5–8 mm, base strongly asymmetric, one side angled and other rounded to auriculate, margin on longer side serrulate, on shorter side subentire, apex rounded or broadly acute, abaxial surface pale grayish green, sparsely lanulose, adaxial surface usually with irregular reddish streak along midvein, usually glabrate, rarely sparsely lanulose; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. <b>Cyathia</b> solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.1–0.6(–2) mm. <b>Involucre</b> obconic, 0.8–1 × 0.6–0.8 mm, sparsely villous to pilose; glands 4, green to yellow-green (turning pink with age), usually ± unequal, narrowly oblong, 0.1–0.2 × 0.2–0.5 mm; appendages white to reddish tinged, lunate, ± irregular and variable in shape, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–1.5 mm, distal margin crenulate. <b>Staminate</b> flowers 2–5. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: ovary short-sericeous; styles 0.5–0.8 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. <b>Capsules</b> ovoid, well exserted from involucre at maturity, 1.3–1.5 × 1.2–1.6 mm, sparsely to moderately short-sericeous; columella 0.9–1.2 mm. <b>Seeds</b> white to light brown, oblong-ovoid, bluntly angular in cross section, 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–0.9 mm, smooth or papillate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–late summer.
|habitat=Stream and river banks, gravel bars, floodplains, pond edges, disturbed fields, railroads, roadsides.
|elevation=0–300 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;Ohio;Okla.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.
|discussion=<p><i>Euphorbia humistrata</i> is distributed throughout the Mississippi River valley and along other major river systems in the central and eastern United States. There are scattered reports of this species as a waif or as introduced farther north and/or east (for example, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, Ontario, South Dakota, and Wisconsin), but the authors have not been able to verify these occurrences. <i>Euphorbia humistrata</i> is similar to <i>E. maculata</i> and is often confused with that species in herbaria. It can be distinguished from <i>E. maculata</i> by its tendency to root at the stem nodes, its longer styles, and its seeds that lack low transverse ridges and that are more bluntly angled. When growing side-by-side, <i>E. humistrata</i> has an overall less congested appearance and its cyathia are not as numerous or crowded as those of <i>E. maculata</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia humistrata
|author=
|authority=Engelmann in A. Gray
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=Chamaesyce humistrata
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–late summer.
|habitat=Stream and river banks, gravel bars, floodplains, pond edges, disturbed fields, railroads, roadsides.
|elevation=0–300 m.
|distribution=Ala.;Ark.;Fla.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Miss.;Mo.;Ohio;Okla.;Tenn.;Tex.;Va.;W.Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Manual ed.
|publication year=1856
|special status=Weedy;Endemic
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_495.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|section=Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum
|species=Euphorbia humistrata
}}<!--

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