View source for Corylus cornuta

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Corylus cornuta
|accepted_authority=Marshall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Arbust. Amer.,
|place=37. 1785
|year=1785
}}
|common_names=Beaked hazel or hazelnut
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Betulaceae;Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae;Corylus;Corylus cornuta
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Betulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Corylus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Corylus cornuta]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 537
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="shrub orientation;shrub atypical some measurement;shrub some measurement;tree orientation;tree atypical some measurement;tree some measurement"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, open-spreading, 4–8 (–15) m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="bark coloration;bark coloration;bark coloration;bark architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Bark </b>light to dark-brown, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="branch orientation"><b>Branches </b>ascending;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="twig pubescence;twig pubescence;twig pubescence">twigs glabrous to sparsely pubescent, sometimes with glandular-hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="bud season;bud shape;bud length;bud width;bud shape"><b>Winter </b>buds containing inflorescences ovoid, 3–5 × 3–4 mm, acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole pubescence;petiole pubescence;petiole pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> petiole glabrous to moderately pubescent, with or without glandular-hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade arrangement or shape;leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade length;leaf-blade width;leaf-blade texture;apex width;base shape;base shape;base shape;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape"><b>Leaf-</b>blade nearly orbiculate to narrowly ovate or ovate-oblong, often nearly angular and slightly lobulate near apex, 4–10 × 3.5–12 cm, thin to leathery, base narrowly cordate to narrowly rounded, margins coarsely and often irregularly doubly serrate, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="surface pubescence;surface pubescence;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">surfaces abaxially glabrous to moderately pubescent, usually pubescent on major veins and in vein-axils.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="catkin architecture;catkin position;catkin length;catkin width"><b>Inflorescences:</b> staminate catkins lateral along branchlets on short-shoots, usually in clusters of 2–3, 4–6 × 0.5–0.8 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="peduncle some measurement">peduncles 0.5–10 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="nut prominence"><b>Nuts </b>in clusters of 2–6, completely concealed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="beak pubescence;beak fusion;beak length;beak size;beak shape">bracts bristly, connate at summit, lengthened into extended tubular beak.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|discussion=<p>Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Corylus cornuta was used medicinally by Native Americans as an emetic, for teething, to expel worms, to heal cuts, and as an astringent (D. E. Moerman 1986).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade ovate to narrowly elliptic, apex distinctly acuminate; twigs and petioles without glandular hairs; involucral tubular beak 2 times or more length of fruit; small to large shrubs of e, c, n North America.
|[[Corylus cornuta subsp. cornuta|Corylus cornuta subsp. cornuta]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade nearly orbiculate or broadly elliptic, apex broadly acute to obtuse; twigs and petioles usually bearing glandular hairs; involucral tubular beak less than 2 times length of fruit; large shrubs or small trees of Pacific coastal region of North America.
|[[Corylus cornuta subsp. californica|Corylus cornuta subsp. californica]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Corylus cornuta
|author=
|authority=Marshall
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Betulaceae
|reference=None
|publication title=Arbust. Amer.,
|publication year=1785
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_834.xml
|subfamily=Betulaceae subfam. Coryloideae
|genus=Corylus
|species=Corylus cornuta
|apex shape=obtuse;acute or acuminate
|apex width=3.5cm;12cm
|bark architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|bark coloration=light;dark-brown
|base shape=narrowly cordate;narrowly rounded
|beak fusion=connate
|beak length=lengthened
|beak pubescence=bristly
|beak shape=tubular
|beak size=extended
|branch orientation=ascending
|bud length=3mm;5mm
|bud season=winter
|bud shape=acute;ovoid
|bud width=3mm;4mm
|catkin architecture=staminate
|catkin length=4cm;6cm
|catkin position=lateral
|catkin width=0.5cm;0.8cm
|leaf-blade arrangement or shape=angular
|leaf-blade length=4cm;10cm
|leaf-blade shape=lobulate;nearly orbiculate;narrowly ovate or ovate-oblong
|leaf-blade texture=leathery
|leaf-blade width=thin
|margin architecture or shape=serrate
|nut prominence=concealed
|peduncle some measurement=0.5mm;10mm
|petiole pubescence=glabrous;moderately pubescent
|shrub atypical some measurement=8m;15m
|shrub orientation=open-spreading
|shrub some measurement=4m;8m
|surface pubescence=pubescent;abaxially glabrous;moderately pubescent
|tree atypical some measurement=8m;15m
|tree orientation=open-spreading
|tree some measurement=4m;8m
|twig pubescence=glabrous;sparsely pubescent
}}<!--

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