View source for Cimicifuga rubifolia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cimicifuga rubifolia
|accepted_authority=Kearney
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=24: 561. 1897
|year=1897
}}
|common_names=Appalachian bugbane
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Selected by author to be illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ranunculaceae;Cimicifuga;Cimicifuga rubifolia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ranunculaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cimicifuga]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cimicifuga rubifolia]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem some measurement;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>30-140 cm, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="petiole shape;petiole some measurement;petiole architecture;petiole pubescence;petiole pubescence;petiole pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> petiole angled, 20-50 cm, proximally deeply grooved adaxially, densely pubescent in groove, otherwise glabrous or sparsely pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf-blade architecture"><b>Leaf-</b>blade 1-2-ternately compound;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaflet atypical quantity;leaflet quantity">leaflets 3-9 (-17);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet shape;terminal; segment leaflet length;terminal; segment leaflet width;vein quantity;vein prominence;vein orientation;base shape;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;hair length or size;hair fixation or orientation;hair fragility">terminal leaflet of central segments broadly obovate, deeply 3-5-lobed, 9-30 × 9-25 cm, with 5-9 prominent veins arising basally, base deeply cordate, margins coarsely and irregularly dentate, apex sharply acuminate, surfaces abaxially with long, appressed, delicate hairs, adaxially glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="surface pubescence;leaflet length;leaflet width">other leaflets 8-24 × 6-22 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="panicle orientation;branch quantity;branch arrangement;terminal raceme some measurement;terminal raceme pubescence;terminal raceme pubescence;terminal raceme pubescence"><b>Inflorescences </b>erect panicles of 2-6 racemelike branches, terminal raceme 15-30 cm, puberulent to short-pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="beak quantity;central bract size;central bract shape;central bract some measurement;lateral beak shape">bracts 3, subtending pedicel, central bract larger, lanceolate, 2 mm, lateral bracts ovate-deltate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel some measurement;pedicel pubescence;bracteole presence">pedicel to 5 mm, short-pubescent, bracteoles absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal coloration"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 5, white;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="petal presence">petals absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 35-65;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="filament some measurement">filaments 3-5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pistil atypical quantity;pistil quantity;pistil architecture;pistil architecture or function or pubescence">pistils 1 (-2), sessile, sparsely glandular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="style height or length or size;style course;style orientation">style short, straight or slightly recurved;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stigma size;stigma width">stigma minute, 0.2-0.3 mm wide.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="follicle atypical quantity;follicle quantity;follicle architecture;follicle shape;follicle shape;follicle some measurement;follicle width;follicle architecture"><b>Follicles </b>1 (-2), sessile, oblong, strongly compressed laterally, 8-20 mm, thin walled.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="appearance shape;scale coloration;scale texture"><b>Seeds </b>reddish-brown, lenticular, covering of scales giving cylindric appearance, ca. 3 mm, covered with reddish-brown, membranous scales.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;seed some measurement;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 16.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall (Aug–Oct).
|habitat=North-facing, limestone talus slopes and river bluffs, ravines, and coves, and along rivers and creeks
|elevation=300-900 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Tenn.;Va.
|discussion=<p>In addition to being found in the Ridge and Valley Province of Tennessee and Virginia, Cimicifuga rubifolia has disjunct populations in Alabama, the lower Ohio River Valley, and in the middle Tennessee counties of Davidson, Montgomery, and Stewart.</p><!--
--><p>The name Cimicifuga racemosa var. cordifolia has been misapplied to C. rubifolia. See discussion of C. cordifolia under C. americana.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cimicifuga rubifolia
|author=
|authority=Kearney
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ranunculaceae
|phenology=Flowering summer–fall (Aug–Oct).
|habitat=North-facing, limestone talus slopes and river bluffs, ravines, and coves, and along rivers and creeks
|elevation=300-900 m
|distribution=Ala.;Ill.;Ind.;Ky.;Tenn.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1897
|special status=Endemic;Selected by author to be illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V3/V3_260.xml
|genus=Cimicifuga
|species=Cimicifuga rubifolia
|2n chromosome quantity=16
|apex shape=acuminate
|appearance shape=cylindric
|base shape=cordate
|beak quantity=3
|bracteole presence=absent
|branch arrangement=raceme-like
|branch quantity=2;6
|central bract shape=lanceolate
|central bract size=larger
|central bract some measurement=2
|filament some measurement=3mm;5mm
|follicle architecture=walled;sessile
|follicle atypical quantity=1;2
|follicle quantity=1
|follicle shape=compressed;oblong
|follicle some measurement=8mm;20mm
|follicle width=thin
|hair fixation or orientation=appressed
|hair fragility=delicate
|hair length or size=long
|lateral beak shape=ovate-deltate
|leaf-blade architecture=compound
|leaflet atypical quantity=9;17
|leaflet length=8cm;24cm
|leaflet quantity=3;9
|leaflet width=6cm;22cm
|margin architecture or shape=dentate
|panicle orientation=erect
|pedicel pubescence=short-pubescent
|pedicel some measurement=0mm;5mm
|petal presence=absent
|petiole architecture=grooved
|petiole pubescence=pubescent;glabrous;pubescent
|petiole shape=angled
|petiole some measurement=20cm;50cm
|pistil architecture=sessile
|pistil architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
|pistil atypical quantity=1;2
|pistil quantity=1
|scale coloration=reddish-brown
|scale texture=membranous
|seed coloration=reddish-brown
|seed shape=lenticular
|seed some measurement=3
|sepal coloration=white
|sepal quantity=5
|stamen quantity=35;65
|stem pubescence=glabrous
|stem some measurement=30cm;140cm
|stigma size=minute
|stigma width=0.2mm;0.3mm
|style course=straight
|style height or length or size=short
|style orientation=recurved
|surface pubescence=glabrous
|terminal raceme pubescence=puberulent;short-pubescent
|terminal raceme some measurement=15cm;30cm
|terminal; segment leaflet length=9cm;30cm
|terminal; segment leaflet shape=3-5-lobed;obovate
|terminal; segment leaflet width=9cm;25cm
|vein orientation=arising
|vein prominence=prominent
|vein quantity=5;9
}}<!--

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