View source for Silene bernardina

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Silene bernardina
|accepted_authority=S. Watson
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|place=24: 82. 1889
|year=1889
}}
|common_names=Palmer’s catchfly
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Silene bernardina subsp. maguirei
|authority=Bocquet
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Silene bernardina var. rigidula
|authority=(B. L. Robinson) Tiehm
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Silene bernardina var. sierrae
|authority=(C. L. Hitchcock & Maguire) Bocquet
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Silene occidentalis var. nancta
|authority=Jepson
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Silene shockleyi
|authority=unknown
}}
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae;Silene;Silene bernardina
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Silene]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Silene bernardina]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 171, 202, 212
|treatment_page=page 175
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, loosely cespitose; taproot stout; caudex branched, woody, bearing tufts of leaves. <b>Stems</b> not much- branched, slender, (15–)30–60 cm, sparsely pubescent proximally, viscid-glandular distally. <b>Leaves</b> mostly basal; blade linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 2–8 cm × 2–6(–15) mm (including petiole), base tapered into slender petiole, apex acute to obtuse, subglabrous to glandular-pubescent on both surfaces; cauline leaves to 4 pairs below inflorescence, narrower than basal leaves, blade usually linear but rarely elliptic-lanceolate. <b>Inflorescences</b> erect, with several short, ascending branches, few-flowered, open, bracteate, shortly pubescent and viscid-glandular; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 3–10 mm, rigid. <b>Flowers</b>: calyx prominently 10-veined, broadly tubular, umbilicate, moderately or not clavate, narrowed around carpophore, lobed, 12–15 × 4–6 mm, thin and papery, with short glandular-viscid pubescence, veins parallel, usually red pigmented, with pale commissures; lobes lanceolate, 2–4 mm, apex acute; petals white, pink, or dingy red, 11/2–2 times calyx, claw equaling calyx, ciliate at base, limb obtriangular, 4–6 mm, deeply divided into 4 linear lobes, appendages 2, conspicuous, laciniate, 2–3 mm, apex rounded; stamens slightly exserted; filaments ciliate at base; styles 3(–4), equaling or longer than stamens. <b>Capsules</b> 1-locular, narrowly ovoid, exceeding calyx, opening by 6 (or 8) ascending teeth; carpophore 3–6 mm. <b>Seeds</b> brown, reniform, 1.5–2 mm broad, shallowly tuberculate on both surfaces, papillate around margins. <b>2n</b> = 48.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer.
|habitat=Dry, grassy or gravelly slopes, open woodlands
|elevation=1300-3600 m
|distribution=Calif.;Idaho;Nev.;Oreg.;Wash.;Mexico (Baja California).
|discussion=<p><i>Silene bernardina</i> is the earliest valid name for this species. Watson had previously (1875) named it <i>S. montana</i>, and that name was taken up by C. L. Hitchcock and B. Maguire (1947), who cited <i>S. bernardina</i> as a subspecies of <i>S. montana</i>. Unfortunately, the epithet montana is pre-occupied in <i>Silene</i> by <i>S. montana</i> Arrondeau (1863), an unrelated European species. The situation was further complicated by Watson in 1877, when he used the name Lychnis montana for another unrelated species now transferred to <i>Silene</i> and called <i>S. hitchguirei</i>.</p><!--
--><p><i>Silene bernardina</i> varies in leaf width, pubescence, and flower color. The broader-leaved and more sparsely pubescent forms have been referred to <i></i>subsp.<i> bernardina</i>, and the more-common, narrower-leaved, more-densely pubescent, and viscid forms have been referred to subsp. maguirei.</p><!--
--><p>Some forms of <i>Silene bernardina</i> can be difficult to distinguish from <i>S. verecunda</i>, <i>S. sargentii</i>, and <i>S. oregana</i>. <i>Silene verecunda</i> differs in its smaller, clavate calyx and in its petals being only shortly two-lobed. <i>Silene sargentii</i> is a small, densely cespitose, high-alpine species with very narrow, linear leaves (1–2 mm wide), shortly two-lobed petals, and seeds with much larger papillae around the margins. In <i>S. oregana</i> the petals are larger (two times the calyx) and deeply divided into many very narrow segments; the claw and the filaments are glabrous; the leaves, particularly the basal ones, are broader; and the inflorescences are narrower, with the more numerous flowers arranged on short, ascending branches; also, the calyx lobes are ovate and obtuse instead of lanceolate and acute. The Idaho material tends to be intermediate with <i>S. oregana</i> but has open, dichotomously branched inflorescences, and the petals are nearer to those of <i>S. bernardina</i>. These plants from Valley County in the Payette National Forest need further study, preferably in the field. They may represent a distinct taxon.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Silene bernardina
|author=
|authority=S. Watson
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Silene bernardina subsp. maguirei;Silene bernardina var. rigidula;Silene bernardina var. sierrae;Silene occidentalis var. nancta;Silene shockleyi
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|phenology=Flowering summer.
|habitat=Dry, grassy or gravelly slopes, open woodlands
|elevation=1300-3600 m
|distribution=Calif.;Idaho;Nev.;Oreg.;Wash.;Mexico (Baja California).
|reference=None
|publication title=Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
|publication year=1889
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_346.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Caryophylloideae
|genus=Silene
|species=Silene bernardina
}}<!--

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