View source for Grusonia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Grusonia
|accepted_authority=F. Reichenbach ex K. Schumann
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Monatsschr. Kakteenk.
|place=6: 177. 1896
|year=1896
}}
|common_names=Club-cholla
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Corynopuntia
|authority=F. M. Knuth
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Marenopuntia
|authority=Backeberg
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Micropuntia
|authority=Daston
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Opuntia subg. Corynopuntia
|authority=(F. M. Knuth) Bra vo
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Opuntia sect. Clavatae
|authority=Engelmann
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Opuntia (sect. Undefined) ser. Clavatae
|authority=(Engelmann) K. Schumann
}}
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae;Grusonia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Grusonia]]</div></div>
|etymology=for Hermann Gruson, 1821–1895, German engineer, and his Magdeburg plant collections
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 95
|treatment_page=page 118
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs,</b> usually densely branched, forming mats or clumps [erect or decumbent]. <b>Roots</b> tuberlike and/or diffuse, also often adventitious. <b>Stem</b> segments firmly attached in most species in the flora to easily dislodged, cylindric-clavate, usually curving upward from near bases, sometimes subspheric, subequal in length, glabrous, strongly tuberculate, sometimes appearing ribbed; areoles ± circular, 1–6 mm diam.; wool white, gray, or yellow. <b>Spines</b> with epidermis sheath deciduous at apices only, exposing yellow spine tips; at least 1 of major spines in distal areoles angular-flattened to ribbonlike, sometimes cross-striate, sometimes bulbous based. <b>Glochids</b> commonly increasing greatly in number with time, in distal areoles, white, yellow, or brown. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, radially symmetric; inner tepals bright yellow or rose to purple. <b>Pollen</b> spinulo-punctate, not reticulate (cylindropuntioid type). <b>Fruits</b> yellow to brownish, narrowly obconic to ellipsoid when fertile, fleshy at first, soon drying, smooth, sometimes spiny; areoles bearing conspicuous tuft of long, white to tan wool. <b>Seeds</b> yellowish white or pale yellow to brownish, suborbicular (to rectangular) or flattened, 3–6 mm, smooth or with rows of raised bumps; funicular girdle encircling seeds, not protruding. <b>x</b> = 11.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s United States;n Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Species 14 (8 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=pinkava1999b
|text=Pinkava, D. J. 1999b. Cactaceae cactus family: Part 4. Grusonia.... J. Arizona-Nevada Acad Sci 32: 8–52.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers rose to purple; spines of fruits hairlike, flexible, antrorsely barbed (high magni- fication)
|[[Grusonia pulchella|Grusonia pulchella]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers yellow; spines of fruits, when present, more rigid, retrorsely barbed
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Major adaxial spine(s) of distal areoles terete to subterete or absent; shrubs forming mats or clumps; roots tuberlike
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Major adaxial spines of distal areoles angular-flattened, at least at bases; shrubs forming mats; roots diffuse
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Major adaxial spine(s) of distal areoles white to brown to black (but not rich red-brown) or absent; longest central abaxial spine commonly twisted or curved, completely chalky white (at least adaxially) except in basal 3 mm or less
|[[Grusonia aggeria|Grusonia aggeria]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Major adaxial spines of distal areoles rich red-brown (or tan); longest central abaxial spine usually straight, brownish, and cross-banded with interrupted, whitish, wavy lines
|[[Grusonia grahamii|Grusonia grahamii]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Tubercles very prominent, broad, 1-3.5 times longer than wide, not or little obscured by interlacing spines
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Tubercles prominent, narrow, 4-6 times longer than wide, obscured by interlacing spines
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stem segments 7-19 × 2.5-5 cm; distal tubercles 25-50 mm
|[[Grusonia emoryi|Grusonia emoryi]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stem segments (2-)3.5-6.5 × (1.5-)2-3 cm; distal tubercles 8-20 mm
|[[Grusonia schottii|Grusonia schottii]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Mature fruits very spiny and glochidiate; plants to 50 cm, in series usually 2-4 stem segments.
|[[Grusonia kunzei|Grusonia kunzei]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Mature fruits not spiny but glochidiate; plants to 20 cm, in series usually 1-2 stem segments
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Stem segments 2.5-5(-7.5) cm; distal tubercles 5-10(-16) mm; spines of distal areoles tan or white; longest abaxial spine white, daggerlike, broadly tapered; New Mexico
|[[Grusonia clavata|Grusonia clavata]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Stem segments 5-9 cm; distal tubercles 15-25 mm; spines of distal areoles blackish or brown to tan; longest abaxial spine brown to white, narrowly tapered; Arizona, California, Nevada
|[[Grusonia parishii|Grusonia parishii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Grusonia
|author=Donald J. Pinkava
|authority=F. Reichenbach ex K. Schumann
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=Corynopuntia;Marenopuntia;Micropuntia;Opuntia subg. Corynopuntia;Opuntia sect. Clavatae;Opuntia (sect. Undefined) ser. Clavatae
|basionyms=
|family=Cactaceae
|distribution=s United States;n Mexico.
|reference=pinkava1999b
|publication title=Monatsschr. Kakteenk.
|publication year=1896
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_229.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae
|genus=Grusonia
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae]]