View source for Mesembryanthemum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Mesembryanthemum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 480. 1753
|year=1753
}}{{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 215. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Iceplant
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cryophytum
|authority=N. E. Brown
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Gasoul
|authority=Adanson
}}
|hierarchy=Aizoaceae;Mesembryanthemum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Aizoaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Mesembryanthemum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek mesembria, midday, and anthemum, blo oming
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 76, 77
|treatment_page=page 84
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial, usually short-lived, succulent, usually conspicuously papillate, glabrous. <b>Roots</b> fibrous. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to ascending. <b>Leaves</b> basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, sessile or petiolate; stipules absent; blade reddish with age, flat or terete, margins often undulate. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary, flowers solitary or in cymes; bracts absent or 1–2, sessile or pedicellate. <b>Flowers</b> showy, 4–10[–20] mm diam., tubular; calyx lobes (4–) 5, 2 often leaflike; petals (including petaloid staminodia) 20–40[–150], distinct or connate into short tube, free, white, pink, or yellowish, linear; nectary glands 5; stamens 30[–120]; pistil (4–)5-carpellate; ovary half-inferior, (4–)5-loculed, convex; placentation axile; stigmas (4–)5, erect, filiform. <b>Fruits</b> capsules, persistent, valves (4–)5, with expanding interior keels when moistened, forming capsule lids when dried, dehiscence loculicidal. <b>Seeds</b> 100–200, black or dark [light] reddish brown [ochre or whitish], compressed [globose], often with 1 straight edge, 1 mm, smooth to rough with minute tubercles; arils absent.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s;w Africa;also introduced in Mexico;South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Asia;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 74 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>As described here, <i>Mesembryanthemum</i> is the narrowly delineated genus sensu H. M. L. Bolus (1928–1958, part 3, p. 164, fig. 25).</p><!--
--><p>The ability of <i>Mesembryanthemum crystallinum</i> and <i>M. nodiflorum</i> to accumulate and release salt into the surrounding soil is one mechanism by which these species dominate disturbed areas (N. J. Vivrette and C. H. Muller 1977; N. J. Vivrette 1980).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves flat; flowers 7-10 mm diam
|[[Mesembryanthemum crystallinum|Mesembryanthemum crystallinum]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves ±terete; flowers 4-5 mm diam
|[[Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum|Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Mesembryanthemum
|author=Nancy J. Vivrette
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Cryophytum;Gasoul
|basionyms=
|family=Aizoaceae
|distribution=s;w Africa;also introduced in Mexico;South America;Europe (Mediterranean);Asia;Atlantic Islands;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_174.xml
|genus=Mesembryanthemum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Aizoaceae]]