View source for Eucephalus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Eucephalus
|accepted_authority=Nuttall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|place=7: 298. 1840
|year=1840
}}
|common_names=Aster
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Aster sect. Eucephalus
|authority=(Nuttall) Munz & D. D. Keck ex A. G. Jones
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Aster subsect. Eucephalus
|authority=(Nuttall) Bentham
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Eucephalus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eucephalus]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek eu -, good or original, and kephalotos, with a head; alluding “to the elegant qualities of the calyx”—T. Nuttall 1840
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 13, 16
|treatment_page=page 39
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 10–160 cm (usually cespitose, induments usually of stipitate-glandular and smooth-surfaced, curved or twisted woolly hairs, plants with caudices or short rhizomes, roots fibrous). <b>Stems</b> ascending or erect, simple, glabrate, puberulent, pilose, cottony, or woolly, eglandular or glandular. <b>Leaves</b> cauline; alternate; sessile (proximal withering by flowering; proximalmost reduced, scalelike); blades (1-nerved) ovate, elliptic, oblong, lanceolate, or linear (± uniform in size), margins entire, faces glabrate, scabrous, cottony, or woolly, eglandular or stipitate-glandular. <b>Heads</b> radiate or discoid, usually in open, racemiform, paniculiform, or corymbiform arrays, sometimes borne singly. <b>Involucres</b> turbinate-cylindric, turbinate, turbinate-obconic, or campanulate, 10–25 mm diam. <b>Phyllaries</b> 20–50 in 3–6 series, ± unequal (± appressed, often reddish or purplish at margins and tips), 1-nerved (keeled), ovate, lance-oblong, lanceolate, linear-oblong, or linear, chartaceous at bases, margins sometimes hyaline, especially proximally; apices acute to obtuse, green, usually puberulent, tomentose, and/or stipitate-glandular, sometimes glabrous. <b>Receptacles</b> ± flat, pitted, epaleate. <b>Ray</b> florets 0–21 (usually 5, 8, or 13), pistillate, fertile; corollas violet-purple, purple, pink, or white. <b>Disc</b> florets 10–35, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, ± ampliate, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect or reflexed, triangular; style-branch appendages lanceolate. <b>Cypselae</b> ± obconic, flattened, laterally 1–2-ribbed, sometimes with 1–2 additional nerves on each face, glabrous, pilose, or strigose, eglandular; pappi persistent, of 30–50 whitish to tawny, barbellate or smooth, apically clavate or more conspicuously barbellate bristles in 2(–3) series (outer usually 1 mm or less, sometimes 0, inner 5–10 mm). <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America.
|discussion=<p>Species 10 (10 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Eucephalus</i>, a relatively well-marked western North American group, has been treated as a section of <i>Aster</i> or as a distinct genus. Recent molecular evidence places <i>Eucephalus</i>, together with the eastern North American <i>Doellingeria</i>, at the base of the North American clade of Astereae.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Ray florets usually 1–4, often 0
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Ray florets commonly 5, 8, or 13+
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Ray florets 0; leaves 5–9 cm, ± glabrous abaxially, glandular adaxially; plants 60–120 cm; open woods, Lane County, Oregon
|[[Eucephalus vialis|Eucephalus vialis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Ray florets usually 1–4; leaves 2–6 cm, hairy; plants 10–100 cm
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves glabrous or nearly so abaxially, moderately to densely hairy adaxially
|[[Eucephalus tomentellus|Eucephalus tomentellus]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves glabrous, eglandular or sparsely glandular on both faces
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Phyllaries subequal
|[[Eucephalus breweri|Eucephalus breweri]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Phyllaries strongly unequal
|[[Eucephalus glabratus|Eucephalus glabratus]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stems, leaves, and phyllaries glabrous, glaucous; plants 40–160 cm; leaves linear tonarrowly lance-elliptic, 4–10 cm; rays purple
|[[Eucephalus glaucescens|Eucephalus glaucescens]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Stems, leaves, and phyllaries pubescent or glabrate, glandular or not, not glaucous; plants 10–120(–150) cm; leaves elliptic, oblong, lance-ovate, lance-elliptic, lanceolate, linear-oblong or -lanceolate, 1.5–10 cm; rays white, pink, violet, or purple.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaves 5–10 cm, elliptic to lanceolate, glabrous and eglandular, or abaxially ± glandular and/or villous; plants 50–150 cm; rays white to pink
|[[Eucephalus engelmannii|Eucephalus engelmannii]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaves 1.5–7 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, oblong, lance-ovate, lance-elliptic, linear-oblong or -lanceolate, glandular or not, scabrous or cottony; plants 10–80 cm; rays white or violet to purple
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Rays white; stems pilose or sparsely to moderately glandular-pubescent
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Rays violet to purple; stems scabrous (to scabrellous) or cottony and/or glandular-pubescent (especially peduncles)
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Phyllaries lance-ovate; Cascade Mountains, Oregon
|[[Eucephalus gormanii|Eucephalus gormanii]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Phyllaries lance-linear; Olympic Mountains, Washington
|[[Eucephalus paucicapitatus|Eucephalus paucicapitatus]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Leaves moderately scabrellous (and sometimes glandular) on both faces
|[[Eucephalus elegans|Eucephalus elegans]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Leaves sparsely scabrous abaxially, strongly cottony adaxially
|[[Eucephalus ledophyllus|Eucephalus ledophyllus]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Eucephalus
|author=Geraldine A. Allen
|authority=Nuttall
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Aster sect. Eucephalus;Aster subsect. Eucephalus
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
|distribution=North America.
|reference=None
|publication title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|publication year=1840
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_43.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Eucephalus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]