View source for Centaurea ×moncktonii

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Centaurea ×moncktonii
|accepted_authority=C. E. Britton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles
|place=6: 172. 1921
|year=1921
}}
|common_names=Meadow or protean knapweed
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea debeauxii subsp. thuillieri
|authority=Dostál
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea jacea var. pratensis
|authority=W. D. J. Koch
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea jacea subsp. ×pratensis
|authority=(W. D. J. Koch) Celakovsky
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea nigra var. radiata
|authority=de Candolle
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Centaurea thuillieri
|authority=unknown
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Centaurea;Centaurea ×moncktonii
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Centaurea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Centaurea ×moncktonii]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 184, 186, 188
|treatment_page=page 187
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 30–150 cm. <b>Stems</b> 1–few, erect or ascending, openly branched distally, villous to scabrous with septate hairs and loosely tomentose, ± glabrate. <b>Leaves</b>: basal and proximal cauline petiolate, blades oblanceolate or elliptic, 5–25 cm, margins entire or shallowly dentate to irregularly pinnately lobed; distal cauline sessile, not decurrent, blades linear to lanceolate, gradually smaller, entire or dentate. <b>Heads</b> usually radiant (rarely discoid), in few-headed corymbiform arrays, borne on leafy-bracted peduncles. <b>Involucres</b> ovoid to campanulate or hemispheric, 15–18 mm, usually ± as wide as high. <b>Principal</b> phyllaries: bodies lanceolate to ovate, loosely tomentose or glabrous, usually concealed by expanded appendages, appendages erect, overlapping, light to dark brown, flat or ± concave, margins varying from coarsely dentate to pectinately dissected into ± wiry lobes. <b>Inner</b> phyllaries: tips truncate, irregularly dentate or lobed. <b>Florets</b> 40–100+, all fertile or the peripheral sterile; corollas purple (rarely white), those of sterile florets ± expanded and exceeding corollas of fertile florets, those of fertile florets 15–18 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> tan, 2.5–3 mm, finely hairy; pappi 0 or of many unequal, sometimes caducous bristles 0.5–1 mm. <b>2n</b> = 22 (England), 44.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall (May–Nov).
|habitat=Roadsides, riverbanks, pastures, meadows, forest openings, waste areas
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=B.C.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Europe.
|discussion=<p><i>Centaurea ×moncktonii</i> is native to Europe or originated in North America from European ancestry.</p><!--
--><p>Meadow knapweeds represent an array of mutually interfertile intermediates derived by hybridization and backcrossing among the various cytotypes of the <i>Centaurea jacea</i> complex. The plants variously combine features of <i>C. jacea</i> and <i>C. nigra</i>, and perhaps <i>C. nigrescens</i> as well. The hybrid complex includes both diploids and tetraploids. Extremes approach the parental types. Meadow knapweeds are often present without either parent in the immediate vicinity. They are considered to be noxious weeds in British Columbia, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.</p><!--
--><p><i>Centaurea</i> pratensis J. L. Thuillier, sometimes applied to plants that belong here, is not a legitimate name.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Centaurea ×moncktonii
|author=
|authority=C. E. Britton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Centaurea debeauxii subsp. thuillieri;Centaurea jacea var. pratensis;Centaurea jacea subsp. ×pratensis;Centaurea nigra var. radiata;Centaurea thuillieri
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering spring–fall (May–Nov).
|habitat=Roadsides, riverbanks, pastures, meadows, forest openings, waste areas
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=B.C.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Calif.;Conn.;Idaho;Ill.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Europe.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles
|publication year=1921
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/8f726806613d60c220dc4493de13607dd3150896/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V19_213.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Centaurea
|species=Centaurea ×moncktonii
}}<!--

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