purshiana, Frangula rubra Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. 1754. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: Buckthorn Etymology: Probably from Latin
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smithii, Rhamnus utilis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 193. 1753. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Common names: Buckthorn nerprun Etymology: Greek rhamnos, prickly shrubs
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Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 271. 1949. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: Sierra coffeeberry Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus
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californica subsp. ursina (Eschscholtz) A. Gray Gen. Amer. Bor. 2: 178. 1849. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: California coffeeberry Basionym: Rhamnus
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Candolle) A. Gray ex J. G. Cooper Trans. Amer. Med. Assoc. 10: 228. 1857. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: Cascara Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus purshiana de
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Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 44: 1141. 1857. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Common names: Chinese buckthorn Introduced Treatment appears in FNA
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Pallas Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 721. 1776. (as davuricus) Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Common names: Dahurian buckthorn IntroducedIllustrated Treatment appears
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Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 268. 1949. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: Birchleaf buckthorn Illustrated Basionym:
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Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 37. 1863. (as ilicifolius) Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Common names: Hollyleaf redberry Illustrated Synonyms: Rhamnus crocea
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speciesRhamnus davurica subspeciesRhamnus davurica subsp. davurica Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† IntroducedIllustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment
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purshiana subsp. anonifolia (Greene) J. O. Sawyer & S. W. Edwards Madroño 54: 173. 2007. (as annonifolia) John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus
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(C. B. Wolf) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus rubra subsp. modocensis C. B. Wolf Rancho
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(C. B. Wolf) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus rubra subsp. yosemitana C. B. Wolf Rancho
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subsp. obtusissima (Greene) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus obtusissima Greene Leafl. Bot
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ex Greene) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus occidentalis Howell ex Greene Pittonia 2:
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subsp. nevadensis (A. Nelson) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Common names: Nevada coffeeberry Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus
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genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. rubra John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment
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californica subspeciesFrangula californica subsp. californica Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Endemic Synonyms: Rhamnus laurifolia Nuttall Treatment appears in FNA
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ursina (Greene) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Common names: Desert hoary coffeeberry Basionym: Rhamnus ursina Greene
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cuspidata (Greene) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76: 449. 1994. Guy L. Nesom, John O. Sawyer† Endemic Basionym: Rhamnus cuspidata Greene Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit
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