Parnassia parviflora
in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 320. 1824.
Herbs with caudices. Stems 2–35 cm. Leaves: basal in rosettes; petiole 0.4–2 cm; blade (of larger leaves) ovate to oblong, 6–35 × 5–25 mm, base cuneate to subcordate, apex rounded to subacute; cauline on proximal 1/2 to middle of stem. Flowers: sepals spreading in fruit, linear-lanceolate to oblong or elliptic-oblong, 3–6 mm, margins not hyaline, entire, apex obtuse; petals 5–13-veined, oblong to elliptic, 3.5–10 × 4–6 mm, length 1.1–1.5 times sepals, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire; stamens (2–)4–7 mm; anthers 1–1.6 mm; staminodes obovate, divided distally into 5–7(–9) gland-tipped filaments, (2–)3.5–5 mm, shorter than stamens, apical glands suborbicular, 0.2–0.3 mm; ovary green. Capsules 7–10 mm. 2n = 36.
Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Wet, calcareous shores, meadows, fens, seepy scree slopes.
Elevation: 10–2900 m.
Distribution
Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Nunavut, Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mich., Mont., Nev., N.Dak., S.Dak., Utah, Wash., Wis., Wyo.
Discussion
Parnassia parviflora has been included in P. palustris by some authors. Small-flowered plants of P. palustris usually have the staminodes divided into about nine filaments distally and the anthers exceed 1.5 mm, but rarely some plants cannot be clearly assigned to one or other of these species. In Nunavut, P. parviflora is known only from Akimiski Island in James Bay.
Selected References
None.