Plants small. Stems creeping, 1- or 2-pinnate; paraphyllia filamentous, unbranched; axillary hairs 2-celled. Stem leaves broadly triangular to broadly ovate; margins recurved at least basally, crenulate-papillose; costa 3/4 leaf length to subpercurrent; laminal cells ± quadrate, multipapillose [1-papillose] on both surfaces. Branch leaves ovate to oblong-ovate; margins plane, crenulate-papillose; apex obtuse to short-acuminate; costa 1/2–7/8 leaf length, covered with cells apically or not; laminal cells ± quadrate, multipapillose [1-papillose] on both surfaces. Sexual condition autoicous; perichaetial leaves oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, margins subentire to ciliate, costa percurrent to excurrent, laminal cells papillose. Seta smooth or papillose. Capsule inclined to horizontal, cylindric, asymmetric; annulus 2- or 3-seriate; operculum obliquely long-rostrate; endostome segments not or narrowly perforate, cilia 1–3.

Distribution

North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Europe, Asia, mostly tropical regions.

Discussion

Species 30–40 (4 in the flora).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Cyrto-hypnum involvens, Cyrto-hypnum minutulum, Cyrto-hypnum pygmaeum, Cyrto-hypnum schistocalyx

Key

1	Stems 1-pinnate; branch leaves 0.5 mm, strongly incurved when dry.	Cyrto-hypnum involvens
1	Stems 2-pinnate (sometimes inconspicuous); branch leaves 0.1-0.3 mm, erect to somewhat incurved when dry	> 2
2	Stems and branches papillose.	Cyrto-hypnum pygmaeum
2	Stems and branches smooth	> 3
3	Stems weakly and irregularly 2-pinnate; paraphyllia cells 2:1; setae smooth; perichaetial leaf margins serrulate distally.	Cyrto-hypnum minutulum
3	Stems regularly 2-pinnate; paraphyllia cells 1:1; setae papillose; perichaetial leaf margins ciliate.	Cyrto-hypnum schistocalyx