Cyperus squarrosus

Linnaeus

Cent. Pl. II, 6. 1756.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Chlorocyperus inflexus (Muhlenberg) Palla Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll Cyperus aristatus var. inflexus (Muhlenberg) Kükenthal Cyperus aristatus var. runyonii O’Neill Cyperus inflexus (Linnaeus) C. B. Clarke Dichostylis aristata Mariscus squarrosus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 165. Mentioned on page 144, 145, 166.

Herbs, annual, cespitose, with fibrous roots. Culms 1–20, trigonous, 2–16 cm × 0.5–0.8 mm, glabrous. Leaves 1–3, flat to V-shaped, (1–)5–10(–15) × 0.5–2.5 mm. Inflorescences: spike 1, loosely to densely ovoid to oblong, 6–20(–40) × 9–15(–20) mm; rays absent or 1–3(–6), 4–40 mm; bracts (1–)2–4, longest ± erect, V-shaped, 1–15 cm × 0.5–3 mm; rachilla ± deciduous, wingless. Spikelets (2–)6–20(–40), greenish to reddish brown, somewhat compressed, ovoid-lanceoloid to oblong, 2.5–10(–20) × 1.3–2.2 mm (excluding awns); floral scales deciduous, (4–)10–20(–34), greenish to stramineous or brownish red laterally, greenish medially, (5–)7–9(–11)-ribbed nearly to margins, oblong-lanceolate, (1.2–)1.3–1.8(–2.2) × (0.5–)0.7–0.8(–1) mm, apex cuspidate, excurved awn additional 0.5–1(–1.3) mm. Flowers: stamen 1, filaments 1.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.2–0.3 mm, connective apex reddish, minute; styles 0.3–0.5 mm; stigmas 0.4–0.7 mm. Achenes light brown to nearly black, stipitate, obovoid (occasionally linear-spatulate or linear oblong, infrequently constricted in middle), 0.7–0.8(–1.1) × (0.2–)0.3–0.4(–0.5) mm, stipe 0.05–0.1 × 0.1 mm, apex truncate, apiculate, surfaces papillose.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Moist, disturbed soils, gravelly roadsides, flood plains, edges of puddles, muddy places
Elevation: 0–2500 m

Distribution

V23 265-distribution-map.jpg

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Atlantic Islands, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia.

Discussion

Cyperus squarrosus can be recognized by its small size and annual habit combined with its oblong-lanceolate floral scales bearing five to eleven conspicuous ribs and excurved awns. Some collections have been misidentified as C. acuminatus, an annual species of subg. Pycnostachys that has ovate-lanceolate, three-ribbed floral scales and digitately clustered spikelets.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Cyperus squarrosus"
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Linnaeus +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Bermuda +, Central America +, South America +, Eurasia +, Africa +, Atlantic Islands +, Indian Ocean Islands +, Pacific Islands +  and Australia. +
0–2500 m +
Moist, disturbed soils, gravelly roadsides, flood plains, edges of puddles, muddy places +
Fruiting summer. +
Cent. Pl. II, +
W2 +  and Illustrated +
Chlorocyperus inflexus +, Cyperus aristatus +, Cyperus aristatus var. inflexus +, Cyperus aristatus var. runyonii +, Cyperus inflexus +, Dichostylis aristata +  and Mariscus squarrosus +
Cyperus squarrosus +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +