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Stems armed with spines 12–13 cm. Leaves ca. 4 m; segments glabrous abaxially. Fruits brownish green, globose, 2–3 cm diam., brownish green.; endocarp globose, brown, bearing 3 germination pores. Seeds: eophyll undivided.

Phenology: Flowering in the summer.
Habitat: Woodlands and hammocks
Elevation: 0–30 m

Distribution

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• Legacy Map

Introduced; Fla., native, to South America.

Discussion

Acrocomia totai is sparingly naturalized in central Florida in Brevard County (B. Peterson 1991b), as well as in Dade County in the vicinity of Miami.

Selected References

Barford, A. 1991. A monographic study of the subfamily Phytelephantoideae (Arecaceae). Opera Bot. 105: 1--73.

Barthlott, W. and D. Frölich. 1983. Mikromorphologie und Orientierungsmuster epicuticularer Wachs-Kristalloide: Ein neues systematisches Merkmal bei Monokotylen. Pl. Syst. Evol. 142: 171--185.

Bartram, W. 1791. Travels through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country, the Extensive Territories of the Muscogulges, or Creek Confederacy, and the Country of the Chactawas. . . . Philadelphia.

Beal, J. M. 1937. Cytological studies in the genus Phoenix. Bot. Gaz. 99: 400--407.

Bernal, R. G., G. Galeano, and A. Henderson. 1991. Notes on Oenocarpus (Palmae) in the Colombian Amazon. Brittonia 43: 154--164.

Borchsenius, F. 1997. Flowering biology of Geonoma irena and G. cuneata var. sodiroi (Arecaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 208: 187--196.

Brummitt, R. K. 1996. Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 44. Taxon 45: 671--681.

Bullock, S. H. 1980. Dispersal of a desert palm by opportunistic frugivores. Principes 24: 29--32.

Chase, M. W. et al. 1993. Phylogenetics of seed plants: An analysis of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene rbcL. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 528--580.

Cooper, J. G. 1861. On the forests and trees of Florida and the Mexican boundary. Rep. (Annual) Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1860: 439--442.

Cunningham, S. A. 1995. Ecological constraints on fruit initiation by Calyptrogyne ghiesbreghtiana (Arecaceae): Floral herbivory, pollen availability, and visitation by pollinating bats. Amer. J. Bot. 82: 1527--1536.

Dahlgren, R. M. T., H. T. Clifford, and P. F. Yeo. 1985. The Families of the Monocotyledons. Structure, Evolution, and Taxonomy. Berlin etc.

Davis, J. I. 1995. A phylogenetic structure for the monocotyledons, as inferred from chloroplast DNA restriction site variation, and a comparison of measures of clade support. Syst. Bot. 20: 503--527.

Dowe, J. L. and N. W. Uhl. 1989. Carpoxylon macrospermum. Principes 33: 68--73.

Dransfield, J. 1989. Voanioala (Arecoideae: Cocoeae: Butiinae), a new palm genus from Madagascar. Kew Bull. 44: 191--198.

Dransfield, J. 1991. Lemurophoenix (Palmae: Arecoideae), a new genus from Madagascar. Kew Bull. 46: 61--68.

Dransfield, J. and H. J. Beentje. 1995. Satranala (Coryphoideae: Borasseae: Hyphaeninae), a new palm genus from Madagascar. Kew Bull. 50: 85--92.

Dransfield, J. and H. Beentje. 1995b. Palms of Madagascar. Kew.

Duvall, M. R. et al. 1993b. Phylogenetic hypotheses for the monocotyledons constructed from rbcL data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 607--619.

Ervik, F. and J. P. Feil. 1997. Reproductive biology of the monoecious understory palm Prestoea schultzeana in Amazonian Ecuador. Biotropica 29: 309--317.

Fisher, J. B., J. G. Chong, and A. N. Rao. 1989. Non-axillary branching in the palms Eugeissona and Oncosperma (Arecaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 99: 347--363.

Harlow, R. F. 1961. Fall and winter foods of Florida white-tailed deer. Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 24: 19--38.

Harris, P. J. and R. D. Hartley. 1980. Phenolic constituents of the cell walls of monocotyledons. Biochem. Syst. & Ecol. 8: 153--160.

Henderson, A. and M. J. Balick. 1991. Attalea crassispatha, a rare and endemic Haitian palm. Brittonia 43: 189--194.

Iverson, J. B. 1979. Behaviour and ecology of the rock iguana Cyclura carinata. Bull. Florida State Mus., Biol. Sci. 24: 175--358.

Johnson, C. D., S. Zona, and J. A. Nilsson. 1995. Bruchid beetles and palm seeds: Recorded relationships. Principes 39: 25--35.

Klimstra, W. D. and A. L. Dooley. 1990. Foods of the Key deer. Florida Sci. 53: 264--273.

Listabarth, C. 1992. A survey of pollination strategies in the Bractridinae (Palmae). Bull. Inst. Franç. Études Andines 21: 699--714.

Listabarth, C. 1993. Insect-induced wind pollination of the palm Chamaedorea pinnatifrons and pollintion in the related Wendlandiella sp. Biodivers. & Conservation 2: 39--50.

Listabarth, C. 1993b. Pollination in Geonoma macrostachys and three congeners, G. acaulis, G. gracilis, and G. interrupta. Bot. Acta 106: 496--506.

Listabarth, C. 1994. Pollination and pollinator breeding in Desmoncus. Principes 38: 13--23.

Maehr, D. S. 1984. The black bear as a seed disperser in Florida. Florida Field Natuarlist 12: 40--42.

Maehr, D. S. and J. R. Brady. 1984. Food habits of Florida black bears. J. Wildlife Managem. 48: 230--235.

Moldenke, H. N. 1967. Notes on new and noteworthy plants. XLVI. Phytologia 14: 325--326.

Read, R. W. 1964. Palm chromosome studies facilitated by pollen culture on chochicine-lactose medium. Stain Technol. 39: 99--106.

Read, R. W. 1965. Palm chromosomes by air mail. Principes 9: 4--10.

Read, R. W. 1965b. Chromosome numbers in the Coryphoideae. Cytologia 30: 385--391.

Read, R. W. 1966. New chomosome counts in the Palmae. Principes 10: 55--61.

Scariot, A. O., E. Lleras, and J. D. Hay. 1991. Reproductive biology of the palm Acrocomia aculeata in central Brazil. Biotropica 23: 12--22.

Sharma, A. K. and S. K. Sarkar. 1956. Cytology of different species of palms and its bearing on the solution of the problems of phylogeny and speciation. Genetica 28: 361--488.

Simpson, B. J. 1988. A Field Guide to Texas Trees. Austin.

Thorne, R. F. 1992b. Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 58:. 225--348.

Uhl, N. W. et al. 1990. Phylogenetic analyses within Coryphoideae (Palmae). [Abstract.] Amer. J. Bot. 77(suppl.): 160--161.

Uhl, N. W. et al. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships among palms: Cladistic analysis of morphological and chloroplast DNA restriction site variation. In: P. J. Rudall et al., eds. 1995. Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. 2 vols. Kew. Vol. 2, pp. 623--662.Pp. xxx.

Zona, S. and A. Henderson. 1989. A review of animal-mediated seed dispersal of palms. Selbyana 11: 6--21.

Zona, S. 1994. Proposal to conserve Oreodoxa regia Kunth, the basionym of Roystonea regia (Kunth) O. F. Cook, against Palma elata W. Bartram (Arecaceae). Taxon 43: 662--663.

Zona, S. 1997. The genera of Palmae (Arecaceae) in the southeastern United States. Harvard Pap. Bot. 2: 71--107.

Lower Taxa

None.