solitary pistillate flower surrounded by (0–)1–80 staminate flowers, entire structure termed the cyathium), in monochasia, dichasia, pleiochasia, cymose clusters
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Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1478–1484. Iketani, H. and H. Ohashi. 1991. Anatomical structure of fruits and evolution of the tribe Sorbeae in the subfamily Maloideae
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linear to oblanceolate or ovate. Flowers (1–)2–30(–100) per involucral structure, occasionally with stipelike base distal to articulations (Eriogonum);
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sometimes winged; lodicules 2, fleshy, usually connate into a single structure, without a membranous wing, truncate, not ciliate, not or scarcely veined;
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some Polygala), often whitish pubescent, usually arillate (the aril-like structure from integuments, not funiculus, thus called an arillode by some, a caruncle
11 KB (1,157 words) - 23:52, 2 December 2022
spikelet would be. Inflorescence Structure Further complexity is introduced to the Andropogoneae inflorescence structure by the manner in which the spikelet
26 KB (2,165 words) - 18:57, 11 May 2021
species. Spikelets with 1-7 bisexual florets, terminating in a sterile structure, the rudiment, composed of 1-4 sterile florets; rudiments sometimes morphologically
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including habit, leaf structure and arrangement, trichome morphology, wood anatomy, inflorescence morphology, ovary and ovule structure, pollen morphology
11 KB (1,145 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
a whorl of leaflike bracts about midlength; not treated as a distinct structure here). Involucres 1 per node, rarely 2–3 per cluster, not appressed to
18 KB (535 words) - 20:40, 22 September 2022
occasionally corrugate near base; inner leaves 1–10, rolled into fusiform structure, unmodified, or shortened and oriented at 90° angles to outer leaves. Leaves
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Dicranaceae; both families have similar peristomes but differ principally in leaf structure. None. Fissidens window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[];
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recognized both sections based on differences in stem morphology, petiole structure, and pollen morphology. J. C. Hickman (1984) described sect. Monticola
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unbranched or 2-fid. Seeds: caruncle absent (except for a carunclelike structure in E. carunculata). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central
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sometimes extended proximally as cylindric syrinx (tubular or ringlike structure at juncture of tube and utricle, projecting into utricle cavity) and distally
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petal-like; anthers 2-locular; 2 connate staminodes forming petal-like structure (lip) opposite fertile stamen, sometimes also with 2 petal-like or rudimentary
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Beilschmied, and Helicteroideae Meisner. Malvaceae range widely in inflorescence structure; all members share a basic repeating bicolor unit (a terminal flower and
8 KB (848 words) - 17:34, 9 December 2022
Megaspore spheric, 0.2–0.6 mm, topped with dark, conic, slightly narrower structure (indusium) covering 3 [9] floats and a blue-green algal colony. Microsporocarps
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very few archegonia. Antheridial plants reduced to a 1-stratose, 2-lipped structure enclosing a single spherical antheridium, arising from a short branch of
2 KB (167 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
margins usually toothed with 1–15 teeth per side, teeth similar in size and structure to those of blades; blade linear, 1-veined, sometimes armed with prickles
6 KB (477 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
variable in length, absent or nearly so to short-excurrent, variable in structure (bryoides-type, oblongifolius-type, taxifolius-type); laminal cells usually
26 KB (1,714 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
(sometimes absent) and fused with the glabrous callus to form a cuplike structure; upper glumes lanceolate to ovate, glabrous or variously pubescent, 3-9-veined
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or less conspicuous peltate indusium (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007). This structure, long known in Gaura and Stenosiphon because it is conspicuous throughout
18 KB (1,909 words) - 17:56, 2 December 2022
holoparasitic, lacking a rhizomelike or cormlike underground vegetative structure; roots short, sometimes coralloid. Stems erect, white or yellow, rarely
18 KB (1,593 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
perennial; achlorophyllous, holoparasitic, with rhizomelike vegetative structure, surfaces tessellate or with irregular scaly plates, roots absent. Stems
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achlorophyllous, holoparasitic, roots coralloid, from among scales of cormlike structure. Stems absent. Leaves absent. Inflorescences terminal, open panicles of
3 KB (322 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
slightly convex, deeply pitted (pits collectively forming honeycombed structure, each pit ± enveloping a disc floret, pit borders irregularly toothed to
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[10–]20–30. Pistillate flowers: ovary glabrous, subtended by calyxlike structure; styles connate 1/8–1/2 length, 2-fid apically. Seeds: caruncle absent
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fruit in Beta, 1-locular with single, basally attached ovule. Fruiting structures: bracteoles or fruiting bracts brown, black, or reddish brown, monomorphic
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appressed to the rachises, bases straight, seated in a ciliate, cuplike structure, sometimes with a 0.5-2 mm callus, calluses pilose, axes not extending
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achlorophyllous, holoparasitic, with perennial, tuberlike underground vegetative structure attached to host root, dark brown or black, with a sclerenchymatous, knobby
5 KB (500 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
5–)15–45(–54) cm, arising from underground, ovoid, vegetative, cormlike structure covered with imbricate scale leaves and short, coralloid, adventitious
4 KB (396 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
achlorophyllous, holoparasitic, with a tuberlike underground vegetative structure attached to host root, surface divided into polygonal plates, roots absent
5 KB (400 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
perianth absent; stigma 2-lobed. Fruiting structure: bracts forming flattened, samaralike fruiting structure around utricle, margins thickened, spongy
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spathe and the unique vasculature of the structure traditionally interpreted as a spathe (T. S. Ray 1987). The structure that has been called a spathe in Acorus
4 KB (374 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
South America (Hufford et al.). Brown, D. K. and R. B. Kaul. 1981. Floral structure and mechanism in Loasaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 68: 361–372. Carlquist, S. 1984
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usually ovoid to nearly globose, surface variable depending on orientation, structure, and relative connation of pistil apices. Seed usually 1 per pistil, ovoid
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tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm
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elsewhere, soboles from ± woody caudices may be the most generalized type of structure, from which have evolved several other major types (R. C. Keating et al
8 KB (1,136 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
repeatedly branched, branches 2–20, 1–4 mm thick, and the whole ± stellate structure sometimes reaching 20 mm. Very scattered and local in tropics, North America
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[2- or]3–6-locular; placenta bilamelate, often protruding as a peltate structure; ovules 12–180 per locule, biseriate or multiseriate. Fruits berries, green
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modifications in Brothera, Campylopus, and Paraleucobryum and a peristome structure identical with that of Dicranum (M. R. Crosby and R. E. Magill 1977). Robinson
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burlike or nutlike, spiny or winged perygynia, or shed with accessory structures) fusiform, obovoid, prismatic, or pyriform, sometimes obcompressed and
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arising opposite next leaf axil, junction with pedicel abrupt or not, entire structure recurved. Flowers small, borne beneath leaves; perianth rotate or campanulate;
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Geraniaceae in the Geraniales because of the similarity of habit and floral structure, especially the fruits that separate into mericarps, as do those in Geraniaceae
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taken with little attention to the presence or absence of reproductive structures. Reproductive features are most important in separating species of Potamogeton
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corrugate, apex acute to apiculate; inner leaves rolled into hardened fusiform structure. Leaves submersed, ± spirally arranged, sessile, delicate; stipules persistent
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staminate terminal, spikelike thyrses, cymules densely crowded in conelike structure; pistillate axillary, solitary flowers; bisexual as in staminate with solitary
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present. Pistillate flowers: tepals 4, connate, forming persistent saclike structure covered with delicate, hooked hairs and completely enclosing mature, flattened
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polygamomonoecious; commonly with multicellular, stalked, caducous, spheric structures (pearl glands); tendrils usually present, rarely absent. Leaves alternate
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flowers lack nectar and are ephemeral, lasting only a few hours. Their structure is seldom preserved in dried specimens. In the absence of well-pressed
6 KB (457 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020