Plants yellow- to red-brown in nature. Spores variably low papillose-punctulose or smooth.

Phenology: Capsules mature late fall to early spring.
Habitat: Soil, gravel pit, pasture, lawn
Elevation: low to moderate elevations

Distribution

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B.C., Ont., Que., Sask., Ariz., Calif., Fla., Ill., La., Md., Mich., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., Okla., Oreg., S.C., Tex., Wis., Mexico.

Discussion

A specimen of var. rufescens from New Jersey (Austin 51, UBC) is reddish and has small (ca. 20 µm), round, weakly papillose spores; generally, spore size is not a good character. Another specimen, with large (38–40 µm), round, punctulate spores, is piebald with adherent granules similar to the papillae of var. muticum. One specimen placed here (California, Santa Clara County, Stanford University, W. Schofield 5724, Feb. 23, 1955, UBC), is rather immature, has a greenish cast and smooth, elliptic spores about 28-30 µm.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.