Plants solitary, 11–46 cm. Rhizomes not branched. Stems 1–2(–4). Leaves: basal: petiole 1.2–20 cm; blade ovate to ovate-reniform, 1.4–8 × 2.4–9.2 cm, base cordate, margins crenate; cauline: stipules oblong, ovate, or lanceolate, margins usually entire, apex acute, long-acuminate to cuspidate, or ± truncate; petiole 0.1–6.1(–15.2) cm; blade ovate to deltate, 2–7.1 × 0.9–6.2 cm, base cordate or truncate, margins crenate to crenulate, ciliate or eciliate. Peduncles 1–2.6(–6.1) cm, sometimes glabrous below bracteoles. Flowers: lowest petal 8–15 mm. Capsules 4–8.5 mm, sometimes minutely muricate. 2n = 24.

Phenology: Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat: Riparian, coniferous or aspen forests, deciduous and mixed forests, cove hardwoods, northern hardwood forests, moist, shaded slopes, sandy, rich, or rocky soil, talus slopes, road cuts
Elevation: 50–3600 m

Distribution

• Generated Map
• Legacy Map

N.B., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

H. J. Scoggan (1978–1979) stated that reports of var. canadensis from Newfoundland require confirmation.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.