Browallia

Herbs, annual or perennial, or shrubs, taprooted or with fibrous roots, hairs simple or with multicellular glandular heads. Stems erect to decumbent and sprawling, branched. Leaves alternate, petiolate or sessile; blade simple, margins entire. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, solitary flowers or racemoid. Flowers 5-merous, bilaterally symmetric; calyx accrescent, tubular-campanulate, lobes 5, triangular, as long as or slightly longer than capsule, not inflated; corolla white, creamy white to yellowish, blue, or violet, bilateral (sometimes appearing 4-parted by fusion of abaxial 2 lobes), salverform, lobes spreading or reflexed, rounded; stamens 4, unequal, (abaxial 2 with 2 fertile thecae each, adaxial 2 with 1 fertile and 1 abortive theca each), sometimes also with 5th smaller stamen, abaxial 2 inserted in distal 1/2 of corolla tube, adaxial 2 at mouth of corolla; anthers basifixed, spheric or subspheric, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; ovary 2-carpellate; style proximally slender, distally sigmoidally curved and broadened, (wrinkled); stigma capitate-bilobed. Fruits capsules, ovoid, (2-valved). Seeds (4–50), prismatic or concave abaxially and convex adaxially. x = 10, 11.

Distribution

Arizona, Mexico, Central America, South America, introduced in Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia.

Discussion

Species 5 (2 in the flora).

J. F. Macbride (1962) commented on the difficulty of circumscribing morphological species in Browallia, leading him to question the genetic status and taxonomy of species in the genus. He noted that the annuals, especially, had weedy tendencies whose considerable morphological diversity appeared to be influenced by environmental conditions. Plants of some species grown in the garden from wild-collected seed exhibit characteristics found in the widely cultivated B. americana after a single generation.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Browallia americana, Browallia eludens

Key

1	Plants glabrous or viscid-pubescent; corollas blue or violet with white or yellow center or entirely white, limb spreading; seeds to 1 mm, prismatic; escaped garden plants.	Browallia americana
1	Plants scabrous, hairs eglandular; corollas creamy white to yellowish, limb reflexed; seeds 1–1.3 mm, concave abaxially and convex adaxially; native and local in Arizona.	Browallia eludens